The ubiquitin-proteolytic system (UPS) regulates a variety of cellular and biological processes by controlling the stability of regulatory proteins, in space and time. Not surprisingly, defects in this system have been associated with various syndromes and pathologies, including cancer, illustrating the importance of understanding the regulation and the multiple functions of this system. C. ele...

Tile genus R o m a n o m e r m i s presently contains seven recognized species, six of which parasitize mosquitoes (2). These species differ morphologically, are geographically isolated, and exhibi t different biological characteristics from one another (e.g., opt imal host species, development times, and temperatures) (1,3). T h e study conducted by Petersen (3) represents the only published a...

The mechanisms that ensure coupling between meiotic cell cycle progression and subsequent developmental events, including specification of embryonic axes, are poorly understood. Here, we establish that zyg-11 and the cullin cul-2 promote the metaphase-to-anaphase transition and M phase exit at meiosis II in Caenorhabditis elegans. Our results indicate that ZYG-11 acts with a CUL-2-based E3 liga...

MnL,CuL,CoL,NiL,CrL,FeL and ZnL (L = [2,4,6-trihydroxy phenyl ] Imidazo[4,5] 1,10phenanthroline),MnL 2 ,CuL 2 ,CoL 2 ,NiL 2 ,CrL 2 ,FeL 2 and ZnL 2 (L 2 = (5-Bromo,3-Methoxy Phenyl) Imidazo [4,5] 1,10Phenanthroline), MnL,CuL,CoL,NiL,CrL,FeL and ZnL (L=2,4,6-trifluro phenyl Imidazo [4,5] 1,10-phenanthroline), MnL,CuL,CoL,NiL,CrL,FeL and ZnL (L=4-ethyl phenyl Imidazo[4,5] 1,10-phenanthroline), Mn...

Single entry communities (SECs) and cul-de-sacs minimize route choices and increase trip distance. Las Vegas' built environment facilitates the examination of these variables and active transport to school (ATS) rates. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of SECs and cul-de-sacs on ATS rates in Las Vegas, NV elementary children. Parental-reported data was collected from 11 ele...

All eukaryotes use multiple controls to restrict DNA replication to once per cell cycle. Nevertheless, inactivation of a single gene, cul-4, causes massive re-replication in Caenorhabditis elegans. A novel study explains this dramatic phenotype by demonstrating that the CUL-4 E3 ligase simultaneously controls two critical licensing factors: CDT-1 and CDC-6.

The implications of a pattern of cultures are more and more a challenge to c9mprehension. In order to clarify understanding of such complexity, statesmen make use of notions which are both simple and symbolic. "The House of Europe" and "European Space" are examples of this approach. Such metaphors serve as vehicles to suggest approaches with many strategic implications. They fulfil the function...

The effect of long-term copper acclimation of the freshwater green algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata to copper was investigated using different physiological and toxicological endpoints. The algae were exposed to seven-five of which are ecologically relevant for European surface waters-copper concentration ranging from 0.5 to 100 microgCul(-1) during a 3-month period. A standard medium was ...

A mitochondrial matrix copper ligand (CuL) complex, conserved in mammalian cells, is the likely source of copper for assembly of cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) and superoxide dismutase 1 (Sod1) within the intermembrane space (IMS) in yeast. Targeting the copper-binding proteins human Sod1 and Crs5 to the mitochondrial matrix results in growth impairment on non-fermentable medium caused by decreased...