نتایج جستجو برای: cultural universals
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Universals of shamanism reflect innate brain processes and representational systems and fundamental aspects of consciousness. Shamanic universals involve psychophysiological dynamics of altered states of consciousness (ASCs) and visionary experiences, metaphoric representations produced through integration of innate representational modules, and rituals that produce psychophysiological healing ...
In a recent cross-cultural study with participants from an autochthonous African population (Mafa) and Western participants, it was shown that the recognition of several emotional expressions (happy, sad, fearful) in music are likely to be music universals [1]. The Mafa listeners (who were naïve to the Western music) were quite successful at recognizing the emotional expressions in the Western ...
Language universals have long been attributed to an innate Universal Grammar. An alternative explanation states that linguistic universals emerged independently in every language in response to shared cognitive or perceptual biases. A computational model has recently shown how this could be the case, focusing on the paradigmatic example of the universal properties of colour naming patterns, and...
Recently, economists have re-discovered the fact of the cultural embeddedness of institutions. This raises the question whether there are transcultural universals of institutions and institutional design. The paper proposes that such universals cannot possibly be empirical givens, but have to be continuously created through transcultural discourse. I take a first step by putting family resembla...
Informal verbal interaction is the core matrix for human social life. A mechanism for coordinating this basic mode of interaction is a system of turn-taking that regulates who is to speak and when. Yet relatively little is known about how this system varies across cultures. The anthropological literature reports significant cultural differences in the timing of turn-taking in ordinary conversat...
Violators of cooperation norms may be informally punished by their peers. How such norm enforcement is judged by others can be regarded as a meta-norm (i.e., a second-order norm). We examined whether meta-norms about peer punishment vary across cultures by having students in eight countries judge animations in which an agent who over-harvested a common resource was punished either by a single p...
7/it' evidence on universals in facial expression of emotion, renewed conrr(>versy about that evidence, and new findings on cultural differences are reviewed. New findings on the capability for voluntatily made facial expressions to generate changes in both autonomic and centra! tiervous svstent acfivitv arc discussed, and possible mechanisms by which this could occur are outlined. Finally, new...
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