background : invasive ductal carcinoma is one of the most common type of tumors in females, constituting a single large group of breast cancers. there are various prognostic factors, of which tumor grade, size and axillary lymph node metastasis are among the important ones. fine needle aspiration cytology is a commonly used diagnostic technique in the initial evaluation of breast lumps. in the ...

INTRODUCTION Brush cytology is a rapid, cost-effective, and reliable tool to diagnose gastrointestinal tract (GIT) lesions in low-resource settings. Most of the studies on GIT brushings have focused on upper GI lesions. We have studied the diagnostic accuracy of brush cytology in the entire length of GIT and correlated the cytological diagnosis with histopathology. The aim of this study is to s...

Since anemia is indicated as an important compromising factor for the quality of life of dogs with chronic kidney disease (CKD), bone marrow cytological analysis may provide more information on the hematological profile these dogs and, therefore, allow clinicians to not only choose the most adequate treatment but also monitor the response to therapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the...

AIMS To determine the relative diagnostic performance of non-isotopic in situ hybridisation (NISH) and a dot-blot assay for detecting human papillomavirus (HPV) on exfoliated cervical cells; and to correlate the results with cytopathological assessment. METHODS Cervical smears and cytological samples were obtained from 122 patients during the same clinical examination and the presence of HPV ...