Herein, a virus dynamics model with cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and antibody immune responses is formulated analyzed. The considers two sorts of infected cells, latently cells actively which produce the virus. We incorporate both virus-to-cell cell-to-cell transmissions into model. To assure biological feasibility proposed model, we prove nonnegativity boundedness solutions derive five thresho...

We investigated the prognostic value of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte precursor frequencies (CTL-p-f) for the development of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) in a cohort of 92 recipients of a hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from HLA-matched sibling donors. CTL-p-f and clinical variables were correlated with acute GvHD and chronic GvHD in univariate and multivariate analyses. CTL-p-f resulted a...

backgrounds: most of the hepatitis c virus (hcv) infections elicit poor immune responses and 75% to 85% of cases become chronic therefore, the development of an effective vaccine against hcv is of paramount importance. in this study, we aimed to evaluate co-administration of hcv non-structural protein 2 and il-12 dna vaccines in c57bl/6 mice. methods: a plasmid encoding full-length hcv ns2 prot...

CD8 1 cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) recognize antigen in the context of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules. Class I epitopes have been classified as dominant or subdominant depending on the magnitude of the CTL response to the epitope. In this report, we have examined the in vitro memory CTL response of H-2 d haplotype murine CD8 1 T lymphocytes specific for a dominant an...

Induction of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses i n v i t r o requires a series of d i s c r e t e a c t i v a t i o n s i g n a l s . CTL-precursors (CTL-p) express receptors for the T c e l l growth factor i n t e r l e u k i n 2 (IL-2) a f t e r an i n i t i a l antigen or mitogen stimulus. The presence of IL-2 i s necessary for sustained T c e l l growth, i . e . , IL-2 receptor-bearing...

Background Exhaustion of CD8 + tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), characterized by the overexpression immune checkpoints (IC), is a major impediment to anti-tumor immunity. However, exhaustion status TILs in angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma (AITL) remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed elucidate AITL and its influence on prognosis. Methods The correlation between IC expression was analyzed ...

CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) recognize antigen in the context of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules. Class I epitopes have been classified as dominant or subdominant depending on the magnitude of the CTL response to the epitope. In this report, we have examined the in vitro memory CTL response of H-2(d) haplotype murine CD8(+) T lymphocytes specific for a dominant...

The adoptive transfer of lymphocytes expressing high-avidity T-cell receptors with antitumor specificity provides a promising therapy for cancer patients. Recently, we compared 12 HLA-A2-restricted, tyrosinase peptide-specific CD8(+) cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) clones and demonstrated that polyfunctional type 1 helper (Th1)-cytokine secretion serves to rapidly select high-quality, high-avidity...

The leukocyte integrin LFA-1 (CD1 la /CD 18) plays an important role in lymphocyte recirculation and homotypic interactions. Leukocytes from mice lacking CD11a displayed defects in in vitro homotypic aggregation, in proliferation in mixed lymphocyte reactions, and in response to mitogen. Mutant mice mounted normal cytotoxic T cell (CTL) responses against systemic LCMV and VSV infections and sho...

The leukocyte integrin LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18) plays an important role in lymphocyte recirculation and homotypic interactions. Leukocytes from mice lacking CD11a displayed defects in in vitro homotypic aggregation, in proliferation in mixed lymphocyte reactions, and in response to mitogen. Mutant mice mounted normal cytotoxic T cell (CTL) responses against systemic LCMV and VSV infections and showed...