According to the size principle the fine control of muscle tension depends on the orderly recruitment of motor neurons from a heterogeneous pool. We took advantage of the small number of excitatory motor neurons (about 12) that innervate the depressor muscle of the crayfish walking leg to determine if the size principle applies to this muscle. We found that in accordance with the size principle...

Papadatos, C., Alexiou, D., Nicolopoulos, D., Mikropoulos, H., and Hadzigeorgiou, E. (1974). Archives of Disease in Childhood, 49, 927. Congenital hypoplasia of depressor anguli oris muscle: a genetically determined condition? The frequency of hypoplasia of the depressor anguli oris muscle was 37 cases among 4 530 consecutive births (8 -2 %). Diagnosis was based on clinical and electromyographi...

OBJECTIVE The transpalpebral resection of the corrugator and depressor supercilii muscles is a new treatment option for migraine headaches. Hyperactive contractility of these muscles can provoke the peripheral compression of the supratrochlear nerve and induce a neurogenic inflammation triggering the symptoms of migraine. In order to gather detailed knowledge of the respective anatomy in the ey...

Understanding how animals control locomotion in different behaviors requires understanding both the kinematics of leg movements and the neural activity underlying these movements. Stick insect leg kinematics differ in forward and backward walking. Describing leg muscle activity in these behaviors is a first step toward understanding the neuronal basis for these differences. We report here the p...

Papadatos, C., Alexiou, D., Nicolopoulos, D., Mikropoulos, H., and Hadzigeorgiou, E. (1974). Archives of Disease in Childhood, 49, 927. Congenital hypoplasia of depressor anguli oris muscle: a genetically determined condition? The frequency of hypoplasia of the depressor anguli oris muscle was 37 cases among 4 530 consecutive births (8 -2 %). Diagnosis was based on clinical and electromyographi...

Heavy metal intoxication leads to a number of reabsorptive and secretory defects in renal transport systems. We have studied the effects of several heavy metals on the expression of the renal Na-Si cotransporter NaSi-1. NaSi-1 cRNA was injected into Xenopusoocytes, and Na-Si cotransport activity was measured in the presence of mercury, lead, cadmium, or chromium. Mercury strongly inhibited NaSi...

AIM The aim of our study is to observe adequate and inadequate psychological reactions in patients who are candidates for septorhinoplasty, before and after surgery and to create an adequate psychological model of a person suitable for septorhinoplasty in this group of patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this study, 140 patients with nasal septal deviation (deviatio septi nasi), alone or togeth...

Two commercially available agar slide blood culture systems, Septi-Chek (Roche Diagnostics, Div. Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., Nutley, N.J.) and VACUTAINER agar slant (Becton Dickinson [BD] Vacutainer Systems, Rutherford, N.J.), were compared in 5,628 paired blood cultures from adult patients. The systems were inoculated with equal volumes (5 ml) of blood. There was no statistically significant diffe...

A prospective double blinded controlled study was done to assess the relation between flaring of ala nasi and abductor spasms in abductor spasmodic dysphonia. All the 24 cases of clinically and stroboscopically proven cases of abductor spasmodic dysphonia were found to have visible and easily detectable flaring of ala nasi during the abductor spasm. Among the control group of 24 dysphonia patie...

By sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunodiffusion, we identified paramyosin in two smooth invertebrate "catch" muscles (Mytilus anterior byssus retractor and Mercenaria opaque adductor) and five invertebrate striated muscles (Limulus telson levator, Homarus claw muscle, Balanus scutal depressor, Lethocerus air tube retractor, and Aequipecten striated adductor). We...