The ability to prepare single-crystal faces has become central to developing and testing models for chemistry at interfaces, spectacularly demonstrated by heterogeneous catalysis and nanoscience. This ability has been hampered for hexagonal ice, Ih--a fundamental hydrogen-bonded surface--due to two characteristics of ice: ice does not readily cleave along a crystal lattice plane and properties ...

multiple input multiple output (mimo) radars are new generation of array radars that employ orthogonal waveforms for their transmit probing signals. despite of several advantages, this strategy results in transmission of uniform power in all angle of array’s viewing field. therefore, possibility of transmit beamforming and achieving coherent processing gain will be lost. many efforts have been ...

An approach for using voltage sources to produce a desired current pattern in an ACT-type EIT system is presented. An iterative adaptive algorithm generates the necessary voltage pattern that will result in the desired current pattern. The convergence of the algorithm is shown under the condition that the estimation error of the linear mapping from voltage to current is small. The simulation re...

Trajectory tracking of nonlinear dynamical systems with affine open-loop controls is investigated. The control task is to enforce the system state to follow a prescribed desired trajectory as closely as possible. We introduce exactly realizable desired trajectories as these trajectories which can be tracked exactly by an appropriate control. Exactly realizable trajectories are characterized mat...

policy implementation is among the most   important stages in the policy cycle (lester et al., 2000:5). policy-makers know well that this stage is so essential that can affect all aspects of politics in local, national and international levels. despite this fact, policies implemented do not have often the desired results. this article tries to analyze this phenomenon in the islamic states using...

We propose a new broadband beamformer design technique which produces an optimal receiver beam pattern for any set of field measurements in space and time. The modal subspace decomposition (MSD) technique is based on projecting a desired pattern into the subspace of patterns achievable by a particular set of space-time sampling positions. This projection is the optimal achievable pattern in the...

Biomimetic heterogeneous patterning of hepatic and endothelial cells, which start from randomly distributed cells inside the microfluidic chamber, via the chip design of enhanced field-induced dielectrophoresis (DEP) trap is demonstrated and reported in this paper. The concentric-stellate-tip electrode array design in this chip generates radial-pattern electric fields for the DEP manipulation o...