how to cite this article: karimzadeh p, jafari n, ahmad abadi f, jabbehdari s, taghdiri mm, alaee mr, ghofrani m, tonekaboni sh, nejad biglari h. propionic acidemia: diagnosis and neuroimaging findings of this neurometabolic disorder. iran j child neurol. 2014 winter; 8(1):58-61.   objective propionic acidemia is one of the rare congenital neurometabolic disorders with autosomal recessive inher...

Background: Developmental delay is one of the most common problems of children referred to pediatric neurology clinics. While there are reports on rehabilitation and its effects, limited studies are available to delineate pharmacotherapy of such children. Because many children with developmental delay have abnormal findings in electroencephalography, we aimed to treat a group of these children,...

We conducted this study to assess the prevalence of developmental delay, deformity and disability among 0-5 age group childrenn in Pattanakkad rural ICDS block, selected at random from among the ICDS blocks in Alappuzha District, Kerala, India. Of 12520 children upto 5 years in this block, there were a total of 311 children with developmental delay, deviation, deformity or disability giving a p...

Construal Level Theory states that psychologically proximal outcomes are construed concretely while psychologically distal outcomes are construed abstractly. Previous research suggests that the principles of Construal Level Theory can be applied to enhance self-control, as measured by delay discounting. The present studies replicate and expand on this work by examining whether theory-informed p...

The delay discounting paradigm was used to examine its utility in understanding motivational factors among socially anxious individuals. Participants (n=88) who reported high and low levels of social anxiety were randomly assigned to either a social threat or non-threat condition and their subsequent rates of discounting were examined. A significant difference in rates of discounting was found ...

Delay discounting (DD) is a term typically used to describe the devaluation of rewards over time, and much research across a wide variety of domains has illustrated that people in general prefer a smaller reward delivered soon as opposed to a larger reward delivered at a later stage. Despite numerous attempts, a single unified model of DD that accounts for the varied pattern of results typicall...

Delay discounting describes the subjective devaluation of a reward when it is delayed. In animals, the adjusting-delay (AD) and increasing-delay (ID) tasks often are used to assess individual differences in, and drug effects on, delay discounting. No study to date, however, has compared systematically the measures of discounting produced in these tasks. The current study examined the correlatio...

BACKGROUND Humans often show impatience when making intertemporal choice for monetary rewards, preferring small rewards delivered immediately to larger rewards delivered after a delay, which reflects a fundamental psychological principle: delay discounting. However, we propose that episodic prospection humans can vividly envisage exerts a strong and broad influence on individuals' delay discoun...

Beaulieu‐Boycott‐Innes Syndrome (BBIS) which is an autosomal recessive disorder is defined by dysmorphic facial features and developmental delay. In this case study, we used the Age and Stages Questionnaire 2 (ASQ-2) for assessment of the developmental status of an Iranian 20-month-old girl displaying a complex BBIS phenotype. Rehabilitation interventions were designed and performed focusing on...