An ongoing goal in the field of categorization has been to determine how objects' features provide evidence of membership in one category versus another. Well-known findings include that feature diagnosticity is a function of how often the feature appears in category members versus nonmembers, their perceptual salience, how features are used in support of inferences, and how observable features...

Expertise in fault diagnosis often depends on recognizing particular patterns in observed data corresponding to situations that have previously been 6een and correctly interpreted This approach can result in significant efficiencies by avoiding a costly and detailed analysis based on the causal relationships between faults and observable data Recognition-based reasoning requires highly focused ...

under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium provided article is properly cited. a General Outpatient Clinics Unit Clinical Division Heart Institute (Incor) Hospital das Clínicas Faculty of Medicine University of São Paulo, São Paulo/SP Brazil. Operational contemporary diagn...

PURPOSE Cognitive psychology research supports the notion that experts use mental frameworks or "schemes", both to organize knowledge in memory and to solve clinical problems. The central purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between problem-solving strategies and the likelihood of diagnostic success. METHODS Think-aloud protocols were collected to determine the diagnostic r...

Diagnostic reasoning is considered to be based on the interaction between analytical and non-analytical cognitive processes. Gut feelings, a specific form of non-analytical reasoning, play a substantial role in diagnostic reasoning by general practitioners (GPs) and may activate analytical reasoning. In GP traineeships in the Netherlands, trainees mostly see patients alone but regularly consult...