to determine the droplet characteristics of agricultural spray nozzles through water sensitive paper (wsp), the non-circular and overlapped spots appearing on the water sensitive paper surfaces are eliminated. in the conventional approach, the procedure is done according to the subjective self determined estimation of the operator. the objective of this study was to develop a practical alternat...

Concern about fault tolerance in the design of interconnection networks has aroused interest in finding large graphs such that the subgraphs obtained by deleting any set of up to s vertices have small diameter. Clearly, 1 ≤ s ≤ ∆ − 1, where ∆ is the maximum degree of the graph. Graphs of maximum degree ∆, diameter ≤ D and such that the graphs obtained by deletion of up to s vertices have diamet...

Lel G be a graph with vertex connectivi2y k(G). An important measure of the fault tolerance of G is its faul&diameler df(G), which is defined as the maximum diameter resulting from the deletion of any set of nodes containing less than k(G) nodes. The robustness of G is often measured by comparing d/(G) with the diameter of Ihe fault-free G, namely d(G). In particular, a family of graphs G, is d...

abstract growth retardants are new chemical organic compounds that increase period of flowering, leave chlorophyll, lateral shoot number, flower number and decrease vegetative growth. they also increase dry, cold and heat tolerance. paclobutrazol and cycocel are examples of these compounds. this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of paclobutrazol and cycocel on some quantitative and qua...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the salinity tolerance cotton plants grown under saline stress in two substrates. experiment carried out an experimental area at Centec Cariri School Technology (FATEC Cariri), located city Juazeiro do Norte, Ceará state. A completely randomized design applied, using a 4 x 2 factorial scheme consisting four irrigation water levels (0.5; 3.0; 5.0, and 10 dS ...

Interconnection architectures range from complete networks, that have a diameter of D = 1 but are impractical except when the number n of nodes is small, to low-cost, minimally connected ring or loop networks whose diameter D = n/2 is unacceptable for large n. In this paper, our focus is on swapped interconnection networks that allow systematic construction of large, scalable, and highly modu...

For n ∈ N and D ⊆ N, the distance graph P n has vertex set {0, 1, . . . , n− 1} and edge set {ij | 0 ≤ i, j ≤ n − 1, |j − i| ∈ D}. The class of distance graphs generalizes the important and very well-studied class of circulant graphs which have been proposed for numerous network applications. In view of fault tolerance and delay issues in these applications, the connectivity and diameter of cir...

The proposed study will measure and characterize early retinal vessel changes in persons with diabetes and persons at high risk of diabetes (impaired fasting glucose [IFG], impaired glucose tolerance [IGT], and the metabolic syndrome) in the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study (AusDiab), a population-based study of risk factors and complications of diabetes. Specifi c Aims of the s...

As links and nodes of interconnection networks are exposed to failures, one of the most important features of a practical networks design is fault tolerance. Vulnerability measures of communication networks are discussed including the connectivities, fault diameters, and measures based on HosoyaWiener polynomial. An upper bound for the edge fault diameter of product graphs is proved.