The dimension of a poset (X, P), denoted dim (A", P), is the minimum number of linear extensions of P whose intersection is P. It follows from Dilworth's decomposition theorem that dim (X, P)& width (X, P). Hiraguchi showed that dim(X, P)s \X\/Z In this paper, A denotes an antichain of (A", P) and E the set of maximal elements. We then prove that dim {X, P) s |X A\; dim(X, P) < 1 + width (X E);...

DIM (3,3'-di-indolylmethane), an abundant dietary component of cruciferous vegetables, exhibits a wide spectrum of pharmacological properties. In the present study, we show that DIM is a potent inhibitor of Leishmania donovani topoisomerase I with an IC50 of 1.2 microM. Equilibrium dialysis shows that DIM binds strongly to the free enzyme with a binding constant of 9.73x10(-9) M. The binding af...

As a natural health supplement, 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM) is proposed as a preventive and chemotherapeutic agent for cancer by inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing cell apoptosis. However, we found that in contrary to high level of DIM (30 μM), low level of DIM (1 μM and 10 μM) obviously promoted gastric cancer cell growth and migration. In addition, we found that low level of DIM incre...

Let G be a graph and let S(G), M(G), T(G) the subdivision, middle, total of G, respectively. dim(G), edim(G), mdim(G) metric dimension, edge mixed dimension In this paper, for subdivision it is proved that max{dim(G), edim(G)} ≤ mdim(S(G)) mdim(G). A family graphs Gn constructed which mdim(Gn) − mdim(S(Gn)) ≥ 2 holds shows inequality can strict, while cactus = For middle dim(M(G)) holds, if tre...

3,3'-Diindolylmethane (DIM), an indole derivative produced on consumption of broccoli and other cruciferous vegetables, has been shown to have multiple anticancer effects in both in vivo and in vitro models. The present study was carried out to clarify the mechanism of DIM's antiangiogenic activity. We found that DIM can inhibit vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced cell proliferati...

3,3'-Diindolylmethane (DIM), ring-substituted DIMs and 1,1-bis(3'-indolyl)-1-(p-substitutedphenyl)methanes (C-DIMs) inhibit growth of Panc-1 and Panc-28 pancreatic cancer cells. Although DIMs (diarylmethanes) and selected C-DIMs (triarylmethanes), such as the p-t-butyl derivative (DIM-C-pPhtBu), activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, respect...

1: procedure CC-CMA-ES(dim, subN um, lambda, ub, lb, maxF Es) 2: pop(1 : 200, 1 : dim) ← random population 3: (best, best val) ← evaluate(pop) 4: f es ← 200 5: C ← dim × dim unit matrix 6: xw ← dim × 1 random vector 7: σ ← (ub − lb) ÷ 2 8: historyW indow ← 5 9: perf ormanceRecord ← ones(3, historyW indow) 10: while f es < maxF Es do 11: (subInf o, decomposerID) ← adaptiveDecompose(dim, subN um,...

The DIM series of preneoplasms, developed from the BALB/c mam mary cell line COMMA-D, and DIM-derived tumors were examined for evidence of mouse mammary tumor virus (MM I V) involvement in the tumorigenic process. DIM tissues were shown to be free of exogenous MMTV inasmuch as Southern blot analysis of DNAs extracted from DIM preneoplasms and tumors showed the lack of a /VI-generated 4.2kilobas...

Studies in humans have shown that 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM), which is found in cruciferous vegetables, such as cabbage and broccoli, is effective in the attenuation of gastrointestinal cancers. This review presents the latest findings on the use, targets, and modes of action of DIM for the treatment of human gastrointestinal cancers. DIM acts upon several cellular and molecular processes in g...