On 16 September 2015, a great (Mw 8.3) interplate thrust earthquake ruptured offshore Illapel, Chile, producing a 4.7-m local tsunami. The last major rupture in the region was a 1943 MS 7.9 event. Seismic methods for rapidly characterizing the source process, of value for tsunami warning, were applied. The source moment tensor could be obtained robustly by W-phase inversion both within minutes ...

Dislocations in a crystal are usually classified into several independent slip systems. Motion of a partial dislocation in monometallic crystals may remove or create stacking fault characterized with a partial of a lattice translation vector. However, it is recently known that motion of partial dislocations in complex structure, such as that inside an intermetallic Al2Cu compound, lead to a loc...

In August of 2005, we deployed 29 GPS stations in the Olympic Peninsula with the goal of recording crustal motion associated with a slow slip event on the Cascadia subduction interface. This is the first semi-continuous GPS network established with the aim of providing a high resolution image of crustal motion associated with a slow slip event. We recorded data during the period from August 2 t...

Nanoindentation processes in single crystal Ag thin film under different crystallographic orientations and various indenter widths are simulated by the quasicontinuum method. The nanoindentation deformation processes under influences of crystalline anisotropy and indenter size are investigated about hardness, load distribution, critical load for first dislocation emission and strain energy unde...

[1] Since the work of Kanamori and Given (1981), it has been recognized that shallow, pure dip‐slip earthquakes excite long‐period surface waves such that it is difficult to independently constrain the moment (M0) and the dip (d) of the source mechanism, with only the product M0 sin(2d) being well constrained. Because of this, it is often assumed that the primary discrepancies between the momen...

[1] In contrast to far-field tsunami amplitudes that are fairly well predicted by the seismic moment of subduction zone earthquakes, there exists significant variation in the scaling of local tsunami amplitude with respect to seismic moment. From a global catalog of tsunami runup observations this variability is greatest for the most frequently occurring tsunamigenic subduction zone earthquakes...

To validate the abundance of scenarios of large earthquakes in the Nankai Trough, we examined the effects of both lateral and vertical expansions of the source areas on maximum tsunami heights along the Pacific coast and Seto Inland Sea. The recently proposed Nankai Trough earthquake scenario (Mw = 9) has a maximum slip of 20 m near the trough axis. However, the predicted tsunami heights exceed...

[1] We derived a coseismic slip model for the Mw 7.9 2008 Wenchuan earthquake on the basis of radar line‐of‐sight displacements from ALOS interferograms, GPS vectors, and geological field data. Available interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data provided a nearly complete coverage of the surface deformation along both ascending (fine beam mode) and descending orbits (ScanSAR to Scan...

A continuum theory for high temperature creep of polycrystalline solids is developed. It includes the relevant deformation mechanisms for diffusional and dislocation creep: elasticity with eigenstrains resulting from vacancy diffusion, dislocation climb and glide, and the lattice growth/loss at the boundaries enabled by diffusion. All the deformation mechanisms are described with respect to the...

DISLOCATION nucleation from a stressed crack tip is analyzed based on the Peierls concept. A periodic relation between shear stress and atomic shear displacement is assumed to hold along the most highly stressed slip plane emanating from a crack tip. This allows some small slip displacement to occur near the tip in response to small applied loading and, with increase in loading, the incipient d...