Beta diversity can be defined as the variability in species composition among sampling units for a given area. We propose that it can be measured as the average dissimilarity from individual observation units to their group centroid in multivariate space, using an appropriate dissimilarity measure. Differences in beta diversity among different areas or groups of samples can be tested using this...

This paper develops a theory of clustering and coding which combines a geometric model with a probabilistic model in a principled way. The geometric model is a Riemannian manifold with a Riemannian metric, gij(x), which we interpret as a measure of dissimilarity. The probabilistic model consists of a stochastic process with an invariant probability measure which matches the density of the sampl...

Tree edit distance is a conventional dissimilarity measure between labeled trees. However, tree edit distance including unit-cost edit distance contains the similarity of label and that of tree structure simultaneously. Therefore, even if the label similarity between two trees that share many nodes with the same label is high, the high label similarity is hard to be recognized from their tree e...

A two-stage string matching method for the recognition of two-dimensional (2-D) objects is proposed in this work. The first stage is a global cyclic string matching. The second stage is a local matching with local dissimilarity measure computing. The dissimilarity measure function of the input shape and the reference shape are obtained by combining the global matching cost and the local dissimi...

Several researchers have developed properties that ensure compatibility of a concept similarity or dissimilarity measure with the formal semantics of Description Logics. While these authors have highlighted the relevance of the triangle inequality, none of their proposed dissimilarity measures satisfy it. In this work we present a theoretical framework for dissimilarity measures with this prope...

This paper aims at introducing a new dissimilarity measure for categorical objects into an extension of k-representative algorithm for clustering categorical data. Basically, the proposed dissimilarity measure is based on an information theoretic definition of similarity introduced by Lin [15] that considers the amount of information of two values in the domain set. In order to demonstrate the ...

For systems usually characterized as \complex/living/intelligent" very often the spatio-temporal patterns exhibited on di erent scales di er markedly from one another. For example the biomass distribution of a human body \looks very di erent" depending on the spatial scale at which one examines that biomass. Conversely, the density patterns at di erent scales in \dead/simple" systems (e.g., gas...