Real time and accurate measurement of sub-surface soil moisture and nutrients is critical for agricultural and environmental studies. This paper presents a novel on-board solution for a robust, accurate and self-calibrating soil moisture and nutrient sensor with inbuilt wireless transmission and reception capability that makes it ideally suited to act as a node in a network spread over a large ...

This contribution presents distributed and multipoint fiber-optic monitoring of cryogenic temperatures along a superconducting power transmission line down to 30 K and over 20 m distance. Multipoint measurements were conducted using fiber Bragg gratings sensors coated with two different functional overlays (epoxy and poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA)) demonstrating cryogenic operation in the rang...

This paper presents state space closed forms and transfer function recursive algorithms for evenly distributed RC interconnect models and their even length-order (ELO) model reduction. The closed-forms have a computation complexity O(1). The characteristics of the ELO model simplification to its original model are revealed. It is shown that extremely high-order RC interconnects can be accuratel...

In this paper, a novel design method for a dual-band bandpass filter (BPF) with arbitrary controllable bandwidths based on a simple frequency mapping function is proposed and its analytical design equations are also derived. The circuit conversion techniques are employed for implementation with distributed transmission line. To validate the proposed dual-band BPF with controllable bandwidths, a...

A subgridding formulation of Agrawal coupling equations of transmission line with branch and distributed electromagnetic excitation is proposed. This algorithm enables us to solve the transmission line system using different temporal and spatial step on different branches. The method is used to calculate the lightning induced over-voltage on the transmission line installed with air gap componen...