state divisions are one of the most effective tools for political space organizing. the background of dividing the territory of the country into smaller units in iran may be historically traced back to the formation of the first territorial state by achaemenids. the role and function of state divisions, its relationship to national survival, facilitation of exerting the government’s will, a bal...

The cell number of the early Drosophila embryo is determined by exactly 13 rounds of synchronous nuclear divisions, allowing cellularization and formation of the embryonic epithelium [1]. The pause in G2 in cycle 14 is controlled by multiple pathways, such as activation of DNA repair checkpoint, progression through S phase, and inhibitory phosphorylation of Cdk1, involving the genes grapes, mei...

Cell division orientation is crucial to control segregation of polarized fate determinants in the daughter cells to produce symmetric or asymmetric fate outcomes. Most studies in vertebrates have focused on the role of mitotic spindle orientation in proliferative asymmetric divisions and it remains unclear whether altering spindle orientation is required for the production of asymmetric fates i...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) involves multidisciplinary clinical divisions and patients may be admitted to clinical divisions of different disciplinary nature. Few studies have assessed the potential effect of hospital admissions into different divisions on patient treatment options and survival. This study aimed to analyze this potential effect. ME...

Abstract Methods for detecting community structure in networks typically aim to identify a single best partition of network nodes into communities, often by optimizing some objective function, but real-world applications there may be many competitive partitions with scores close the global optimum and one can obtain more informative picture examining representative set such high-scoring than lo...

In the developing nervous system, cell diversification depends on the ability of neural progenitor cells to divide asymmetrically to generate daughter cells that acquire different identities. While much work has recently focused on the mechanisms controlling self-renewing asymmetric divisions producing a differentiating daughter and a progenitor, little is known about mechanisms regulating how ...