Under new pressures for cost containment, hospitals are increasingly asserting interests that conflict with those of physicians. Professor Havighurst argues that legal rules under which practitioners have challenged denials of hospital admitting privileges should be clarified in order that hospitals can more effectively carry out their new cost-containment and other responsibilities. He invokes...

plato 1s doctrine of recollection is often identified witb innatism, and he is said to be an innatist. the present pape0 alongside j,vifh e:x:plaining this doctrine and other related doctrines in plato's epistemology, argues that the doctrine of recollection is not necessarily the same as innatism. it is a matter of fact that, in plato's epistemology1 perception and intellectual epist...

We can observe and measure how legal decision makers use formal legal authorities, but there is no way to empirically test the determinative capacity of legal doctrine itself. Yet discussions of empirical studies of judicial behavior sometimes conflate judges’ attention to legal rules with legal rules determining outcomes. Doctrinal determinacy is not the same thing as legal predictability. The...

Consider a type of argument that is familiar in legal scholarship, such a commonplace in fact that its structure may lurk unnoticed in the background by the reader. The argument proceeds like this: (1) Here is some legal doctrine or rule; (2) courts and scholars (or at least my rivals) tend to think that its point, rationale, purpose, or function is X—that is, the doctrine is “all about” X; (3)...

Aristotle’s doctrine on causation identifies four distinct types of cause: formal, efficient, material, and final. Science is said to have differentiated itself from philosophy by concentrating solely on efficient causes. Nonetheless, when applied to narratives of causation, Aristotle’s doctrine provides a useful heuristic to explore the issues such as Aboriginal and biomedical perceptions of c...

A recent consensus has emerged within peace operations doctrine validating “robust” or “assertive” peacekeeping as an effective mechanism to intervene in complex and volatile intrastate conflicts. The assertion of the validity of “robust peacekeeping” is problematic due to a lack of empirical evidence supporting the application of this management tool. Yet the similarity between the context and...

The BioLogos Foundation • www.BioLogos.org/projects/scholar-essays 1 In teaching at an evangelical liberal arts college that holds firmly to the inspiration and authority of Scripture, I find most of my students think the biblical doctrine of creation (DoC) is limited to two points: (1) God created out of nothing (ex nihilo) and (2) God created the world in six days (whatever they think “days” ...

Patient choice is becoming the centre of health policy in the UK and other countries. But there is ambiguity about what choice means. As the term is used in everyday life, choice is the foundation of the doctrine of patient consent. The doctor is responsible for choosing appropriate treatment, and the patient is responsible for choosing (for consenting to or refusing) what is offered and accept...