The estimated burden of endemic acute gastrointestinal illness (AGI) annually in Canada is 20·5 million cases. Approximately 4 million of these cases are domestically acquired and foodborne, yet the proportion of waterborne cases is unknown. A number of randomized controlled trials have been completed to estimate the influence of tap water from municipal drinking water plants on the burden of A...

abnormal fluoride levels in drinking water have been associated with adverse health effects. to determine the fluoride content of well waters in enugu, southeastern nigeria, water samples from 50 artisan wells chosen by multistage sampling procedure from the 5 zones of enugu municipality were analyzed in duplicates for their fluoride content. the zonal mean values were 0.60, 0.70, 0.62, 0.62, a...

New criteria (full physiological value and preservation of the properties of drinking water) are scientifically substantiated. Also discussed are indices (minimal admissible and optimal levels of basic water mineralization and calcium content, standards of microelements such as boron and bromine content, content of individual groups of microorganisms, water temperature) for evaluating the quali...

Presidential Decision Directive 63 identified water systems as one of the critical infrastructures to the United States. Following this directive and the passing of The Public Health, Security, and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act there has been increased research effort in both assessing the vulnerability of drinking water systems and proposing protection measures. Drinking water net...

INTRODUCTION US legislation requires that schools offer free drinking water where meals are served. However, little information is available about what types of water delivery systems schools should install to meet such requirements. The study objective was to examine the efficacy and cost of 2 water delivery systems (water dispensers and bottleless water coolers) in increasing students' luncht...

Fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (EEM) spectroscopy coupled with parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) is an established tool of organic matter fingerprinting in aqueous systems. Recently, EEMPARAFAC has been successfully applied in drinking water treatment for simple, rapid, and sensitive evaluation of organic matter removal during different treatment processes. This review describes some ...

It is widely accepted that characterizing the spatio-temporal trends of water quality parameters and identifying correlated variables with water quality are indispensable for the management and protection of water resources. In this study, cluster analysis was used to classify 56 typical drinking water reservoirs in Zhejiang Province into three groups representing different water quality levels...

from a total of 656 broiler farms with the permission of exploitation in guilan province, data was gathered from 20% of active farms including 85 units (capacity of over 1663000 portions of broiler chickens) to evaluate the management of nutrition and nourish using questionnaire. the questionnaires were completed by the interview method. the methods of making feed, feed formulation, the shape o...