Pharmaceuticals designed for humans and animals often remain unused for a variety of reasons, ranging from expiration to a patient's non-compliance. These leftover, accumulated drugs represent sub-optimal delivery of health care and the potential for environmentally unsound disposal, which can pose exposure risks for humans and wildlife. A major unknown with respect to drugs as pollutants is wh...

Pesticide misuse by farmers poses health risks to consumers. This study assessed the level of dithiocarbamate residues in tomatoes acquired from 20 farmers and 25 market vendors in Wakiso District, how simple washing affects these residues, and the potential chronic health risk for Ugandans eating such tomatoes. Results revealed that mancozeb was the only reported dithiocarbamate, and 47.4% and...

Antibacterial drugs used in animal might result in deposition of residues in meat, milk and eggs. The presence of antimicrobial residues in animal-originated food is critical problem in many countries over the years. Because, drug residues might result in various health hazards, both actual incidence of reactions and potential hazards perceived by the public, the most countries assess residue o...

in poultry breeding, use of any antibiotics as a food additive that promotes growth, prevention or treatment of infectious diseases will increase the chance of drug residues in poultry meat products. in this study, the presence of different antibiotics in ten broiler flocks, which were later transported to mashhad poultry abattoir have been investigated, using four plate test (fpt) method. a to...

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) applies advanced analytical methods to quantify drug residues in wastewater with the aim to estimate illicit drug use at the population level. Transformation processes during transport in sewers (chemical and biological reactors) and storage of wastewater samples before analysis are expected to change concentrations of different drugs to varying degrees. Igno...

Drug residues in beef have been reported internationally. These include antimicrobials, anti-inflammatories, growth promotants, parasiticides and insecticides. The main factors associated with residues are animal age and use, and failure to observe withdrawal time for regular or extra-label use. Public health concerns include toxic and anaphylactic reactions, and development of drug-resistant s...