BACKGROUND Performance characteristics of novel rapid drug susceptibility tests (DST) for Mycobacterium tuberculosis may change when moving from research to implementation in actual public health practice. We describe the performance characteristics of a direct, rapid DST when implemented in Lima, Peru. METHODS A district laboratory validated conventional proportions and nitrate reductase met...

In 2004, routine use of culture and drug-susceptibility testing (DST) was implemented for persons in 5 Thailand provinces with a diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB). To determine if DST results were being used to guide treatment, we conducted a retrospective chart review for patients with rifampin-resistant or multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB during 2004-2008. A total of 208 patients were identified. Me...

I T IS KNOWN that donor-specific transfusion (DST) enhances graft survival in clinical transplantation. However, efforts using xenogeneic DST to improve xenograft survival have resulted in hyperacute rejection (HAR) even in the presence of conventional immunosuppression. 1 In this study. we tested the effect of DST combined with FK 506 on survival of hamster-to-rat liver xenografts. L VG hamste...

According to the diagnostic criteria for adrenal preclinical Cushing's syndrome (PreCS) established by a group headed by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare (MHLW), low- and high-dose dexamethasone suppression tests (DSTs) must be performed to prove autonomous cortisol secretion, i.e., > or =3 microg/dL serum cortisol following 1-mg DST administration, and > or =1 microg/dL serum cortisol...

In this paper, novel recursive algorithms for realization of one-dimensional discrete sine transform (DST) and inverse discrete sine transform (IDST) of any length are proposed. By using some mathematical techniques, recursive expressions for DST and IDST have been developed. Then, the DST and IDST are implemented by recursive filter structures. A linear systolic architecture for realization of...

It is known that the correction of the Kyoto Dst index for the secular variation of the Earth's internal field produces a discontinuity in the Kyoto Dst index at the end of each year. We show that this secular correction also introduces a significant baseline error to the Kyoto Dst index that leads to an underestimate of the solar cycle variation of geomagnetic activity and of the strength of t...

The survival rate of 19 patients who underwent living-related kidney transplantation after donor-specific blood transfusions (DST) was compared with that of 32 historical controls receiving transplants without DST. The graft survival rate of the DST group was 82% after two and three years. The graft survival rate of the DST group was significantly better than the 53% rate after two years obtain...

Peer-to-peer (P2P) is becoming prevalent on the Internet. However, due to the nature of exact hash matching, the DHT-based P2P itself doesn’t support decentralized semantic search. In this letter, we propose a Decentralized Unicode Suffix Tree Overlay (DUSTO), which can support multiple languages and keywords search. The simulation results indicate the average search length of DUSTO method is 7...

In this paper radix-2 algorithms for computation of type-II discrete cosine transform (DCT) and discrete sine transform (DST) of length N = 2 (n ≥ 2) are presented. The DCT/DST can be computed from two DCT/DST sequences, each of length N/2. The odd-indexed output components of DCT/DST can be realized using simple recursive relations. The proposed algorithms require a reduced number of arithmeti...

In this paper, I address the question of what the Developmental Systems Theory (DST) aims at explaining. I distinguish two lines of thought in DST, one which deals specifically with development, and tries to explain the development of the individual organism, and the other which presents itself as a reconceptualization of evolution, and tries to explain the evolution of populations of developme...