Hypoxia is a common phenomenon in prostate cancer, which leads to cell proliferation and tumor growth. Fractalkine (FKN) is a membrane‑bound chemokine, which is implicated in the progression of human prostate cancer and skeletal metastasis. However, the association between FKN and hypoxia‑induced prostate cancer cell proliferation remains to be elucidated. The present study demonstrated that hy...

Background: Prostate specific antigen (PSA) has been used as a screening test for the early detection of prostate cancer (PC) for many years. Although the introduction of PSA test led to a considerable increase in reported prostate cancer cases, there is still some controversy over the sensitivity and specificity of this marker in distinguishing PC patients from those with benign prostate hyper...

Cdk5 is a small serine/threonine protein kinase which belongs to Cdk family. Unlike other Cdk members, Cdk5 is known to be irrelevant in cell cycle so far. Cdk5 kinase activity is regulated by binding with its activator, p35. Our previous results indicate that Cdk5 and p35 are involved in drugs-induced apoptosis of prostate cancer cells. Retinoic acid (RA) is one of vitamin A-related compounds....

This study is to construct a lentiviral vector harbouring an RNA interference (RNAi) sequence that targets the gene encoding the human high-mobility group nucleosomal binding protein 1 (NSBP1); to study its role in inducing G(2)/M phase arrest and apoptosis in prostate cancer (PCa) DU145 cells; and to assess the effect of its knockdown on cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. RNAi was applie...

A validated method has been developed for the simultaneous measurement of reduced and oxidized glutathione in de-proteinised cellular extracts. This has been used to compare models of malignant and non-malignant human prostate cell lines. Analysis of LNCaP and DU145 cells showed a glutathione to glutathione disulfide ratio of 8:1 and 32:1 respectively, whilst the control cell line, PZ-HPV7 disp...

Inhibitor of DNA binding/differentiation protein 4 (ID4) is dominant negative helix loop helix transcriptional regulator is epigenetically silenced due to promoter hyper-methylation in many cancers including prostate. However, the underlying mechanism involved in epigenetic silencing of ID4 is not known. Here, we demonstrate that ID4 promoter methylation is initiated by EZH2 dependent tri-methy...

A new diketopiperazine, glionitrin B (1), was produced using a microbial coculture of the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus KMC-901 and the bacterium Sphingomonas sp. KMK-001 that were isolated from acidic coal mine drainage. The structure of 1 was determined to be (3S,10aS)-dithiomethylglionitrin A. This structure was determined by the analyses of extensive NMR data and the circular dichroism spect...

There is strong evidence for a role of prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) in cancer cell proliferation and tumor development. In PGE(2) biosynthesis, cyclooxygenases (COX-1/COX-2) convert arachidonic acid to PGH(2), which can be isomerized to PGE(2) by microsomal PGE-synthase-1 (MPGES-1). The human prostate cancer cell line DU145 expressed high amounts of MPGES-1 in a constitutive manner. MPGES-1 expr...

Background: Prostate cancer (Pca) is a heterogeneous disease, and current treatments are not based on molecular stratification. Poly(adenosine diphosphate [ADP]-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have recently been found to be remarkably toxic to cells with defects in homologous recombination, particularly cells with BRCA-mutated backgrounds. Therefore, this preliminary study was designed to ...

A new lanostane-type triterpene, 29-hydroxypolyporenic acid C (8), was isolated from the dried sclerotia of Poria cocos together with eight other known compounds pachymic acid (1), dehydropachymic acid (2), 3-acetyloxy-16alpha-hydroxytrametenolic acid (3), polyporenic acid C (4), 3-epi-dehydropachymic acid (5), 3-epi-dehydrotumulosic acid (6), tumulosic acid (7), and dehydrotumulosic acid (9). ...