Fusion to the sacrum presents as a complex and difficult technical procedure with outcomes which have been up until recently, relatively poor, with high pseudoarthrosis rates and associated with the development of so called flat back deformity or loss of lumbar lordosis. Previous reports from the morbidity committee of The Scoliosis Research Society in the late 1970’s indicated that this did no...

STUDY DESIGN A retrospective study of tissue surrounding titanium alloy spinal implants was performed using histological and electron microprobe analysis. PURPOSE To identify the metal debris generated by spinal implants, and then to evaluate the electron microprobe analysis results and the histological response of soft tissue surrounding the spinal implants. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE Microsco...

BACKGROUND For many years, the CD instrumentation has been regarded as the standard device for the surgical correction of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Nevertheless, scientific long-term results on this procedure are rare. Therefore, we conducted a retrospective follow-up study of patients treated for AIS with CD instrumentation and spondylodesis. METHODS A total of 40 patients with ...

Background. The treatment of thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis with the C-D method remains controversial. Material and methods. The lateral radiographs of 70 patients with King I, II, III, IV idiopathic scoliosis, treated with C-D instrumentation, were retrospectively analyzed. The average age was 14 +/- 1.8 years. Thoracic kyphosis between T2 and T12 and lumbar lordosis between L1 and L5 w...

BACKGROUND Long-term outcomes of patients undergoing extensive fusions for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) have conflicting results. Moskowitz found uninstrumented scoliosis fusion patients had similar back pain as a normal age matched population. Recently, long-term outcomes of patients with Harrington rod instrumentation were reviewed and found similar functional outcome scores to non-s...

introduction: one of the most common complications of root canal treatment is postoperative pain. the aim of the present clinical trial was to compare the severity of postoperative pain after root canal preparation with race rotary system and hand k-flexofile. methods and materials: a total of 96 mandibular first and second molars were divided into two groups ( n =48) based on root canal prepar...

There is little consensus among spinal deformity surgeons as to the best way to treat infantile or early-onset scoliosis. Bracing may or may not be effective, and subcutaneous rods have a high complication rate. Current techniques of casting as championed by Min Mehta and Jean Dubousset are presented as is the use of halo-gravity traction for the more severe cases. We firmly believe that "outda...