In joint timing and carrier offset estimation algorithms for Time Division Duplexing (TDD) OFDM systems, different timing metrics are proposed to determine the beginning of a burst or symbol. In this contribution we investigated the different timing metrics in order to establish their impact on the joint time and carrier-frequency offset estimation.

Interference and compatibility issues relating to coexistence of twoduplexing modes in UMTS, FDD and TDD, are highlighted in this paper.Performance degradation due to co-existence is quantified by comparingwith single system scenarios. It has been found that systemperformance depends on the loading of both FDD and TDD. Co-existence can be optimised when some compromise is ob...

Synthetic 2-stranded RNA-a helical complex formed by duplexing homopolymers of polyriboinosinic and polyribocytidylic acids (poly I:C)-induced host resistance to foot-and-mouth disease virus when microgram quantities were injected into mice. There was a graded response as shown by titrations of polynucleotide complex or virus. Protection was effective for >48 hours after a single injection of p...

One of the fundamental problems in massive multiple input output (MMIMO) systems based on frequency division duplexing (FDD) mode is acquisition channel state information at base station (BS). Indeed, these systems, reciprocity uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) channels not applicable. Thus, users are supposed, after having estimated their subchannels, to feedback them BS. Since size be returned pr...