Aggregation at the neuronal cell membrane's lipid bilayer surface is implicated in amyloid-β (Aβ) toxicity associated with Alzheimer's disease; however, structural and mechanistic insights into the process remain scarce. We have identified a conserved binding mode of Aβ40 on lipid bilayer surfaces with a conserved helix containing the self-recognition site (K16-E22).

A combination of millimeter-wave and high-resolution infrared data is used to analyze the eight lowest-energy vibrational states benzonitrile (C6H5CN, C2v, ?a = 4.5 D), a benzene derivative recently detected in interstellar medium. The overtone v22 2 v33 2, state 1, fundamental v21 1 v15 are studied for first time by rotationally resolved spectroscopy. three former form Coriolis- Darling-Dennis...

The molecular composition and drug responses of calcium-activated K(+) (BK) channels of skeletal muscle are unknown. Patch-clamp experiments combined with transcript scanning of the Kcnma1 gene encoding the alpha subunit of the BK channel were performed in rat slow-twitch soleus (Sol) and fast-twitch flexor digitorum brevis (FDB) skeletal muscles. Five splicing products of the Kcnma1 gene were ...

Using a new dataset on imports of technology and total factor productivity (TFP) over more than a century for the OECD countries, this paper tests for international technological transmission through trade. The empirical estimates suggest that imports of knowledge have been responsible for an almost 200% increase in TFP over the past century, but that the spillover effect has been highly uneven...

Labor Productivity and Vocational Training: Evidence from Europe In this paper we show that vocational training is an important determinant of productivity growth. We construct a multi-country, multi-sectoral dataset, and quantify empirically to what extent vocational training has contributed to increase the growth rate of labor productivity in Europe between 1999 and 2005. We find that one ext...

Designed to compete with fiat currencies, bitcoin proposes it is a crypto-currency alternative. Bitcoin makes a number of false claims, including: bitcoin can be a reserve currency for banking; hoarding equals saving; and that we should believe bitcoin can expand by deflation to become a global transactional currency supply. Bitcoin’s developers combine technical implementation proficiency with...

The papers in this symposium address the issue of multiple equilibria that can be induced by monetary policy in models with capital accumulation. In particular they examine how the “Taylor Principle”, under which interest rates respond more than proportionately to increases in inflation, can generate multiple equilibria. They also explore the design of policies to avoid the problem of multiple ...

This paper, considering revenue and cost exposure channels, investigates the effects of exchange rate behaviour on fixed capital investment in Mexican manufacturing sector over 1994-2002. We find that i) currency depreciation has a positive (negative) effect on fixed investment through the export (import) channel; ii) exchange rate volatility impacts mostly export oriented sectors; iii) the sen...

The best predictor of current investment at the firm level is lagged investment. This lagged-investment e§ect is empirically more important than the cash-flow and Q e§ects combined. We show that the specification of investment adjustment costs proposed by Christiano, Eichenbaum and Evans (2005) predicts the presence of a lagged-investment e§ect and that a generalized version of their model is c...

When we allow capital depreciation to be endogenous, the acceleration of investment-specific technological progress can distort the measurement of the aggregate capital stock. Our quantitative exercise shows that this effect may cause a substantial bias in the measurement of total factor productivity and can account for a large portion of the observed productivity slowdown since the 1970s. 2006...