During constitutional era and the years leading up to it, many economic organizations has formed because of exposure of king and intellectuals to the west. Also it can be seen economic reform and merchant activities in this period, But less spoken aboat lifestyle and behavioral characteristic of people. This article attempts to present an image of the Persian people in Gajar in terms of lifesty...

Objective: Dualism between structure and action is one of the most important subjects in all of sociological paradigms and sociologists paid attention to poverty and its individual or structural causes. This article investigates the relationship between human agency and poverty. Method: The research is carried out in two regions of Esfahan and the main tool is questionnaire. The sample siz...

The economic policies of Iran in the early nineteenth century led to the expansion of foreign trade. After that border customs became one of the important sources of income for the country. It seems that by the prosperity of border customs, Kermanshah was also developed due to being on the trade route leading to the Ottoman. The question of the present study is what was the influence of the bor...