the analyses by the first ranked economists show that the economical growth of the countries that import oil or non-oil developing countries (nodcs) depends on the economical growth of the industrial countries. “goldstein” & “khan” by means of a long & complete verification show the dependence of the economical growth and “callier” also claims this fact that the economical growth of the countri...

A safe, rapid, sensitive, and economical method is presented for detecting leaks in gas-tight laboratory cabinets and other apparatus. This method, using no fluorocarbons and requiring no prior decontamination, is effective under negative, neutral, or positive chamber conditions.

Two distinct economical catalysts for intramolecular hydroaminations of electronically unactivated alkenes with basic amines are described, which are based on (a) group 4 metal halides under basic reaction conditions or (b) Brønsted-acid organocatalysts.

The reaction of primary aromatic amines with aryl aldehydes is found to be catalyzed by lemon juice as natural acid under solvent-free conditions to give the corresponding Schiff bases in good yields. This eco-friendly reaction has many advantages like economical, environmental, mild reaction conditions and simple work-up with high product yield.

Consider a weighted n-vertex, m-edge graph G with designated source s and destination t. The topology of G is known, while the edge weights are hidden. Our goal is to discover either the edge weights in the graph or a shortest (s, t)-path. This is done by means of agents that traverse different (s, t)-paths in multiple rounds and report back the total cost they incurred. Various cost models are...