Activin A as a predictor of pregnancy failure has been the focus of heated debate, but the value of a combined activin A and follistatin (FS) measurement in serum to predict pregnancy failure has not been reported yet. We assessed whether a single serum measurement of the two physiological antagonists at 6-8 weeks gestation could differentiate ectopic pregnancies (EP) or missed abortions (MA) f...

BACKGROUND The rupture of ectopic pregnancy (EP) still remains the primary and direct cause of death in the first trimester of pregnancy. Ultrasonography is known to be a modality of choice in EP diagnostics. We found a severe discrepancy between the frequency of ectopic pregnancies (EP) and the number of available computed tomography (CT) examinations. CASE REPORT A 29-year-old woman was adm...

We report a spontaneous unilateral live tubal twin pregnancy in a patient with a history of previous ectopic pregnancy (EP) and tubal surgery. Transvaginal ultrasound showed one pregnancy sac containing two fetal poles with cardiac activity, which appeared to be sited within the right adnexum. The right tubal EP was removed by salpingectomy. Ultrasound findings of suspected adnexal mass and fre...

Embryo implantation is a major prerequisite for the successful establishment of pregnancy. Ectopic implantation outside the intrauterine cavity and the development of ectopic pregnancy (EP) is a major cause of maternal morbidity and occasionally mortality during the first trimester. EP may be induced by failure of tubal transport and/or increased tubal receptivity. Activins, their type II recep...

Background: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an angiogenic growth factor that is produced by different tissues, including the endometrium and ovary. VEGF is involved in many processes related to reproductive physiology, including angiogenesis, which is essential for implantation and placentation. It has been suggested that VEGF may be the angiogenic factor responsible for the implan...

Background: Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is a common gynecological emergency in resource-limited countries, where laparotomy the conventional therapy despite fact that laparoscopic surgery considered best option. There lack of prospective randomized evidence comparing with surgical care women REP. Objectives: To summarize current evidences laparoscopy versus management ectopic pregnancy. Methodology:...

Tubal ectopic pregnancy (EP) in hysterectomised patient is uncommon. It has propensity to be overlooked. We report a rare case of missed tubal 46 years old patient. She presented with abdominal pain and adnexal mass on imaging. Diagnosis was only possible intraoperatively owing overlapping symptoms imaging features that ovarian tumor.

BACKGROUND Women with recurrent ectopic pregnancy (EP) represent a unique cohort of patients in whom diagnostic expertise is paramount. We determined whether recurrent EP is associated with significant differences in patient demographics, clinical presentation, risk factors and surgical findings when compared with primary EP. METHODS A retrospective case-control study of all EPs diagnosed fro...

Assisted reproduction technique (ART) is a known risk factor for ectopic pregnancy (EP). Ovarian (OEP) rare but well-known variant of EP, which carries diagnostic challenges & mostly diagnosed intraoperatively. Fibroid common medical problem, it not yet recognised OEP. Risk factors as pelvic inflammatory disease, endometriosis or fibroids can alter fallopian tube patency results in EP. In t...