The role of the neuroendocrine environment in the pathogenesis of enteric bacterial infections is increasingly being recognized. Here we report that norepinephrine augments Escherichia coli O157:H7-induced intestinal inflammatory and secretory responses as well as bacterial adherence to intestinal mucosa in a bovine ligated ileal loop model of infection. Norepinephrine modulation of enteritis a...

The pathophysiology of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) diarrhea remains uncertain. In vitro, EPEC stimulates a rapid increase in short-circuit current (Isc) across Caco-2 cell monolayers coincident with intimate attaching and effacing (A/E) bacterial adhesion. This study has examined the roles of specific EPEC virulence proteins in this Isc response. EPEC genes encoding EspA, EspB, and...

The paper presents a new scheme for handling priorities in a token ring Local Area Network. The scheme of the IEEE -802.5 standard suffers from two principal drawbacks that are addressed in the present paper: it allows frame multiplication for a limited duration. and in some situations. a long time is required to achieve the desired priority level. This paper describes and proves a new priority...

Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is a major foodborne pathogen and tightly adheres to human colonic epithelium by forming attaching/effacing lesions. To reach the epithelial surface, EHEC must penetrate the thick mucus layer protecting the colonic epithelium. In this study, we investigated how EHEC interacts with the intestinal mucus layer using mucin-producing LS174T colon carcinoma ...

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) exhibits a pattern of localized adherence to host cells, with the formation of microcolonies, and induces a specific histopathological phenotype collectively known as the attaching and effacing lesion. The genes encoding the products responsible for this phenotype are located on a 35-kb pathogenicity island designated the locus of enterocyte effacement,...

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 and enteropathogenic E. coli cause a characteristic histopathology in intestinal cells known as attaching and effacing. The attaching and effacing lesion is encoded by the Locus of Enterocyte Effacement (LEE) pathogenicity island, which encodes a type III secretion system, the intimin intestinal colonization factor, and the translocated intimin recepto...

The EspB protein of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is essential for the signaling events that lead to the accumulation of actin beneath intimately attached bacteria, a process that is known as the attaching and effacing effect. EspB is targeted to the host cell cytoplasm by a type III secretion apparatus. To determine the effect of intracellular EspB on the host cell cytoskeleton, we ...

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli, enterohemorrhagic E. coli, and Citrobacter rodentium are classified as attaching and effacing pathogens based on their ability to adhere to intestinal epithelium via actin-filled membranous protrusions (pedestals). Infection of mice with C. rodentium causes breach of the colonic epithelial barrier, a vigorous Th1 inflammatory response, and colitis. Ultimately,...