1. The eggshell is a bioceramic material constructed of columnar calcite crystals preferentially oriented with their c-axis perpendicular to the shell surface. 2. The influence of microstructure (crystal size, shape and crystallographic orientation of crystal grains) on the mechanical properties of eggshells (shell strength) was investigated using eggs from hens of different ages. 3. There was ...

the aim of current study was to determine the effects of vitamin c on bone mineral density (in terms of osteoporosis), eggshell quality and investigation of correlation between these factors in laying hens reared under normal condition. one hundred and ninety two 24 - weeks - old laying hens diet was supplemented with 4 levels of vitamin c (0, 250, 500 and 750 mg/kg diet). the experimental desi...

Eggs were collected from a single inline processing facility weekly for 3 wk (replicates). The eggs were stored at 4 degrees C and 80% RH. Sampling began the day after collection and continued each week for 10 wk. During analysis, 24 eggs were examined for egg weight, albumen height, Haugh units (HU), shell strength, and vitelline membrane strength for each replicate. Egg weight decreased (P < ...

Two thousand four hundred and ninety eggs were collected from retail markets in 6 provinces and from laying hen farms in 3 provinces. Eggs were pooled in groups of 3 to obtain 830 samples for testing. Isolation of salmonellae was made from both egg shell and egg contents. Eggs from retail markets were contaminated with salmonellae on egg shells (13.2%) and in egg contents (3.9%). Three (0.4%) s...

New Zealand's extinct flightless moa radiated rapidly into a large number of morphologically diverse species, which produced an equally large range of egg morphologies. The exact number of moa species, as well as the characteristics of the eggs they laid, remains contentious. Moreover, like most extinct species, we understand little about their nesting and incubation habits. We used a modified ...

Eggs from 31-wk-old ISA-White and ISA-Brown hens were sampled immediately after lay and after periods of storage of 1, 3, 5, and 10 d at room temperature. Longer periods of storage resulted in lower albumen weight and albumen height and higher albumen pH. Eggs from ISA-Brown hens had more albumen and shell than those from ISA-White hens, likely due to differences in selection history rather tha...

Three different techniques of applying fungicides and mold inhibitors were evaluated as control methods for Aspergillus fumigatus proliferation on the air cell membrane of eggs that were infertile or contained early dead embryos following in ovo egg injection. A controlled Aspergillus challenge model was utilized that simulates the natural occurrence of fungal growth following in ovo egg inject...

There was a significant difference in the shell strength of chicken eggs with different curvatures of the large end. Holding temperatures of eggs significantly influenced shell strength but not shell membrane strength. There was a significant negative correlation in chicken eggs between shell strength and membrane strength in small and medium curvature groups but not in the large curvature grou...

The medullary bone serves as a source of labile calcium mobilized during calcification of the egg shell in birds. Quantitative histological methods demonstrate that the numbers of medullary bone osteoclasts and nuclei per osteoclast remain unchanged during the egg cycle in the Japanese quail (Coturnix). Therefore, cyclic changes in bone resorption cannot be explained by modulations of osteoclas...

Th is study was designed to investigate whether inclusions of coenzyme Q10, alpha lipoic acid and their combination into diets of hens improve egg quality characteristics. Forty-eight, 33 weeks old Lohmann Brown hens were assigned randomly to four groups of 12 hens each and fed either a basal diet or basal diet supplemented with 2 g/ kg coenzyme Q10, 0.4 g/kg alpha lipoic acid and 2 g/kg coenzy...