Several finite elastic strain measures are evaluated for use in constitutive models of crystalline elasticity and elasto-plasticity. These include the Green material strain tensor, the Eulerian material strain tensor, and the logarithmic material strain tensor, all of which are referred to locally relaxed coordinates invariant under spatial rotations. New applications of logarithmic strain-base...

The mechanical response of Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) in elongation is strongly dependent on temperature, strain and strain rate. Near the glass transition temperature Tg, the stress vs strain curves present a strain hardening effect vs strain under conditions of large deformations. At a given strain value, the strain rate has also an increasing influence on the stress value. The main goa...

An elastomer is a polymer with the property of viscoelasticity, generally having notably low Young's modulus and high yield strain compared with other materials.  Elastomers, in particular rubbers, are used in a wide variety of products ranging from rubber hoses, isolation bearings, and shock absorbers to tires. Rubber has good properties and is thermal and electrical resistant. We used carbon ...

The advanced transient concrete model (ATCM) is an extended model for concrete in compression at elevated temperature that incorporates elastic, plastic and creep strain as a function of temperature and stress history. The ATCM is applied with the material model of the thermal induced strain model. The non-linear model comprises thermal strain, elastic strain, plastic strain and transient tempe...

Freestanding nanowires have ultrahigh elastic strain limits (4 to 7%) and yield strengths, but exploiting their intrinsic mechanical properties in bulk composites has proven to be difficult. We exploited the intrinsic mechanical properties of nanowires in a phase-transforming matrix based on the concept of elastic and transformation strain matching. By engineering the microstructure and residua...

BACKGROUND The mechanical properties of 1-2-year-old pediatric cranial bones and sutures and their influential factors were studied to better understand how the pediatric calvarium reacts to loading. MATERIAL AND METHODS Cranial bone and suture specimens were extracted from seven fresh-frozen human infant cadavers (1.5±0.5 years old). Eight specimens were obtained from each subject: two front...

Consider the constitutive law for an isotropic elastic solid with the strain-energy function expanded up to the fourth order in the strain and the stress up to the third order in the strain. The stress-strain relation can then be inverted to give the strain in terms of the stress with a view to considering the incompressible limit. For this purpose, use of the logarithmic strain tensor is of pa...

Third order shear deformation theory of cylindrical shells is employed to investigate the vibration characteristics of non-homogeneous cylindrical shells surrounded by an elastic medium. The kinematic relations are obtained using the strain-displacement relations of Donnell shell theory. The shell properties are considered to be dependent on both position and thermal environment. A suitable fun...

X-ray diffraction measurement in the bulk of engineering components allows evaluation of lattice spacing variation by application of Bragg law and hence, by comparison with a strain-free reference specimen, computation of elastic strains and stresses. Diffraction peak position is related to average elastic strain within the scattering grains, whilst diffraction peak shape is related to crystall...