The disclosure of the web applications has significantly improved the variability of its workload patterns and volumes as the number of users/customers frequently increases and shrinks at different rates and times. The web application features have gradually required the need for flexible however inexpensive computing infrastructure to accommodate variable workload. The on-demand and per-user c...

We provide a detailed comparison of the two-dimensional, temporal and spatiotemporal linearized analyses viscoelastic free shear flows in limit low to moderate Reynolds number Elasticity obeying four different types stress-strain constitutive equations: Oldroyd-B, Upper Convected Maxwell, Johnson-Segalman (JS) linear Phan-Thien Tanner (PTT). The resulting fourth-order Orr-Sommerfeld Equation is...

Abstract. Balancing Neumann-Neumann methods are extented to mixed formulations of the linear elasticity system with discontinuous coeÆcients, discretized with mixed nite or spectral elements with discontinuous pressures. These domain decomposition methods implicitly eliminate the degrees of freedom associated with the interior of each subdomain and solve iteratively the resulting saddle point S...

When measuring poverty over time analysts must choose the value of the income elasticity of the poverty line, which essentially determines whether an absolute or relative poverty line is being used. The choice of this parameter is ultimately a value judgement, but this paper suggests an approach which has some empirical basis. Borrowing from the life-style and deprivation approach to poverty, v...

In retailing, decisions about product assortment and shelf space allocation have a significant effect on customers’ purchasing decisions. Traditionally, researchers usually employed the space elasticity to optimize product assortment and space allocation models. However, the large number of parameters requiring to estimate and the nonlinear nature of space elasticity can reduce the efficacy of ...

The static properties of the lungs have been explained by energy-change considerations on the elasticity, but this article explains the elasticity of the lungs by entropy-change considerations. Entropy of the individual lobule was defined by application of stochastic geometry on aggregated alveolar polyhedrons. Entropy of the lungs is the result of integrating a number of lobular entropies thro...

The cobweb model where firms choose between rational and naive forecasting strategies has a 2-cycle when the elasticity of supply is greater than the elasticity of demand for a number of different dynamics describing the evolution of strategy choices. This paper proves that the 2-cycle is exponentially unstable under the learning dynamic of Brown, von Neuman and Nash (1950). Issues arising in t...

An experimental study on the flow of non-Newtonian fluids around a cylinder was undertaken to identify and delimit the various shedding flow regimes as a function of adequate non-dimensional numbers. The measurements of vortex shedding frequency and formation length (lf ) were carried out by laser-Doppler anemometry in Newtonian fluids and in aqueous polymer solutions of CMC and tylose. These w...

While numerous studies assess the impact of healthcare spending on health outcomes, typically reporting multiple estimates of the elasticity of health outcomes (most often measured by a mortality rate or life expectancy) with respect to healthcare spending, the extent to which study attributes influence these elasticity estimates is unclear. Accordingly, we utilize a meta-data set (consisting o...