This study examines the proposition that political business cycle theory is relevant to private foreign lenders to developing countries. We find that: credit rating agencies downgrade developing country ratings more often in election years, and do so by approximately one rating level; bond spreads are higher in the 60 days before an election compared to spreads in the 60 days after an election;...

This study examines the relationships between the 2016 presidential election, indirect sexism and women’s self-perceptions, attitudes and psychological well-being. Specifically, this study employs a two by two factorial design with between-subject factors of salient indirect sexism (salient indirect sexism manipulation or control) and the election (before or after) and investigates whether thos...

This study examines the proposition that political business cycle theory is relevant to private foreign lenders to developing countries. We find that: credit rating agencies downgrade developing country ratings more often in election years, and do so by approximately one rating level; bond spreads are higher in the 60 days before an election compared to spreads in the 60 days after an election;...

The paper develops a model explaining why IMF programs are less likely to be concluded before national election dates. Since conclusion of an IMF arrangement may signal the incumbent’s incompetence, rational voters use this signal when deciding upon his re-election. In order to demonstrate competence, politicians may therefore decide not to conclude IMF programs prior to elections. The model al...

In an electronic voting protocol, a distributed scheme can be used for forbidding the malicious acts of the voting administrator and the counter during the election, but it cannot prevent them from collaborating to trace the ballots and destroy their privacy after the election. We present a distributed anonymous quantum key distribution scheme and further construct a distributed quantum electio...

I EEE is actively involved in creating standards for voting systems and related applications via the IEEE Voting System Standards Committee (VSSC/1622). An upcoming VSSC/1622.2 standard on election results reporting lets election officials organize election results and report them to the media. Another goal of VSSC/1622 is to improve US voting processes by creating a common data format (CDF) fo...

'ote To· Hold Unloft 80ard Election· Agai~ . . '. ' , ': TJte SUI Union Board voted Tuesd:ly night to recall the March All· C!lJIlpUS Union Board election because the name of one of the candi· da~es was omitted when the ballots were printed.· • • ~h:n Newsome, A2, Des Moines, was not on thE' h!,lllJlt jn the 21 ,election. the new election wiJl be on April l"and 18. Only students ill the Col. le...

Open list proportional representation is an election mechanism used in many elections, including the 2012 Hong Kong Legislative Council Geographical Constituencies election. In this paper, we assume that there are just two parties in the election, and that the number of votes that a list would get is the sum of the numbers of votes that the candidates in the list would get if each of them would...

Methods for determining post-election audit sampling have been the subject of extensive recent research. This article • provides an overview of post-election audit sampling methods, focusing on risklimiting audits, • advances and improves three methods for calculating risk-limiting election audit samples, showing how to apply precise margin error bounds to improve the accuracy of existing metho...

The decentralization of lists has traditionally made it difficult to make a full accounting of the performance of the election system that would allow local election offices to gauge how well they are doing. Complete reporting of voter registrations, turnout at the precinct and election office level would improve the ability of election offices to diagnose where problems arise and for offices t...