by developing the level of life in societies, the need for new resources of energy becomes more important. in almost all cases, the aim is to convert one form of energy to the electrical form. with advances of technology and use of new electric and electronic devices and gadgets, the need for electrical energy is increasing and providing stable and continuous electric power becomes very importa...

The authors review the existing physical modalities for treatment of chronic wounds and show the advantages of electric current and electromagnetic field stimulation. Direct currents, low frequency pulsed currents, monophasic high voltage pulses and pulsed electromagnetic fields are compared in respect of their efficiency. Wound healing quantification methods, wound healing dynamics and prognos...

Electrospraying has attracted the attention of many researchers, ranging from analytical chemists to physicists, not only because of the rich physics associated with it, but also due to its wide-ranging applicability. Therefore, considerable research has been devoted to exploring this interfacial phenomenon. However, there still are areas of electrospraying that have remained unexplored. Until ...

Balance requires the integration of proprioceptive, visual, and vestibular sensory inputs. Contributions from the vestibular system are increasingly important when other sensory signals are lacking or erroneous [1]. Galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS), the application of a small electrical current across the mastoid processes, has been used to apply a stimulus to the vestibular system indepen...

To err is human. However, an inappropriate urge does not always result in error. Impulsive errors thus entail both a motor system capture by an urge to act and a failed inhibition of that impulse. Here we show that neuromodulatory electrical stimulation of the supplementary motor complex in healthy humans leaves action urges unchanged but prevents them from turning into overt errors. Subjects p...

We examined influence of the beta-amyloid peptide (betaAP) (25-35) neurotoxic fragment on Helix lucorum food-aversion learning. Testing with aversively conditioned carrot showed that 2, 5 and 14 days after training the betaAP-injected group responded in a significantly larger number of cases and with a significantly smaller latency than the sham-injected control group. The results demonstrate t...

piezoelectric actuators are widely used in micro manipulation applications. however hysteresis nonlinearity limits accuracy of these actuators. this paper presents a novel approach utilizing a piezoelectric nano-stage as slave manipulator of a teleoperation system. the prandtl-ishlinskii (pi) model is used to model actuator hysteresis in feedforward scheme to cancel out this nonlinearity. a pas...

Abstract: A novel electric-hydraulic hybrid drivetrain incorporating a set of hydraulic systems is proposed for application in a pure electric vehicle. Models of the electric and hydraulic components are constructed. Two control strategies, which are based on two separate rules, are developed; the maximum energy recovery rate strategy adheres to the rule of the maximization of the braking energ...

We use a glass-based microfluidic device to study the electric current behavior of an electrospray process in the presence of a coflowing liquid. The current shows strong voltage dependence and weak flow rate dependence, in stark contrast to classical electrospray. By considering that the current is dominated by convection near the apex of the conical meniscus and driven by tangential electric ...