A key motivator for wider deployment of microgrids (small electric networks with distributed generation connected that operate either at low and medium voltage levels or isolated mode) is to bring about the decentralization generation. This goal because use renewable power sources storage energy systems. However, operation represents various challenges grid-connected interchanges distribution n...

As the use of wind energy increases in the United States, there has been significant interest in assessing the integration cost of wind. With higher penetration, these costs have been shown to increase, but are generally modest relative to the price of wind energy. Although specific tariffs for wind generation for ancillary services are uncommon, we anticipate that balancing authorities (contro...

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to compare the differences in the five-level EuroQol-5 dimensions (EQ-5D-5L) health state utility scores derived from Chinese, Japanese, Korean, and UK tariffs. METHODS Six hundred and twenty-one breast cancer patients were invited for a face-to-face interview in Qingdao Municipal Hospital, China. EQ-5D-5L was scored using tariffs from China, Japan, K...

The majority of research to date investigating strategic tariffs in the presence of multinationals finds a knife-edge result where, in equilibrium, all foreign firms are either multinationals or exporters. Utilizing a model of heterogeneous firms, we find equilibria in which both pure exporters and multinationals coexist. We utilize this model to study the case of endogenously chosen tariffs. A...

Electric power theft is a problem that continues to plague power sector across the whole country. Every year, the electricity companies face the line losses at an average 20-30% and according to power ministry estimation WAPDA companies lose more than Rs. 125 billion. Significantly, it is enough to destroy the entire power sector of country. According to sources 20% losses means the masses woul...

Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) can use both grid-supplied electricity and liquid fuels. We show that under recent conditions, millions of PHEVs could have charged economically in California during both peak and off-peak hours even with modest gasoline prices and real-time electricity pricing. Special electricity rate tariffs already in place for electric vehicles could successfully re...

this paper aims to analyze tariff protection policies in the agricultural sector of developing countries. the agricultural tariff structure in developing countries is characterized by: i) high average tariffs, ii) the existence of tariff escalation, iii) dispersion of nominal tariffs across tariff lines, and iv) a wide gap between average nominal tariffs and import-weighted average tariffs. con...

We analyze a market in which an auctioneer or system operator must satisfy a fixed demand at a fixed price, and attempts to minimize cost as indicated by sellers’ bids. This situation may arise in wholesale electricity markets, e.g. when generation price caps are in effect. We show that no equilibrium exists in this situation, and the operator can not identify low-cost generators from bids. As ...

We model international trade in renewable resources between a single buyer and competitive sellers as a Stackelberg differential game. The buyer uses unit and ad valorem tariffs to indirectly encourage conservation of the renewable resource under study. First, we show that the efficacy of these trade policy instruments in promoting conservation depends fundamentally on whether harvesting costs ...