Previous studies have demonstrated that verbal descriptions of actions activate compatible motor responses (Glenberg & Kaschak, 2002; Zwaan & Taylor, 2006). The present study replicates previous findings showing that, within a sentence, such activation is localized on the verb that denotes the action. Moreover, motor resonance is found to yield to linguistic focus. If a postverbal adverb mainta...

The dynamics of excited states of adsorbates on surfaces caused by charge transfer is studied. Both negative and positive charge transfer processes are possible. In particular we are interested in positive charge transfer from a metal surface to molecular or atomic oxygen adsorbed on the surface. Once the negatively charged oxygen on the surface loses an electron it becomes chemically activated...

An apparatus for measuring simultaneously the surface electrical potentials along epicotyl was developed to study the largely bending situation by gravity. Potentials increased on the upper side and decreased on the lower side after the horizontal placement. The time course of electrical changes consisted of two components which correspond to growth movements observed during gravitropism.