Oxidation processes can be used to treat industrial wastewater containing non-biodegradable organic compounds. However, the presence of dissolved salts may inhibit or retard the treatment process. In this study, wastewater desalination by electrodialysis (ED) associated with an advanced oxidation process (photo-Fenton) was applied to an aqueous NaCl solution containing phenol. The influence of ...

Renewable energy can be captured from the mixing of salt and fresh water in reverse electrodialysis. This paper investigates the energy efficiency of this process for feed waters that pass a reverse electrodialysis cell once and waters that pass multiple cells or electrode segments. So far, the maximum theoretical energy efficiency was considered to be 50% when the feed waters pass a single cel...

Within an electrodialysis unit, the solutions are separated by alternately arranged anion exchange membranes (permeable only for anions) and cation exchange membranes (permeable only for cations). The membranes are arranged parallel to one another to form an electrodialysis stack. When a potential is applied across the selectively permeable membrane stack, anions selectively move through the an...

The use of ion-exchange membranes to concentrate sea water and to produce fresh water from brine has been investigated for about one quarter-century and has now achieved the practical stage. The entire domestic supply of table salt in Japan is produced by electrodialysis. Many positive results on production of fresh water from brine have been attained in the U.S., the Mediterranean regions and ...

Ion-exchange membranes have been used in various industrial processes, e.g., in the electrodialytic concentration of seawater to produce edible salt, as a separator for electrolysis, in the desalination of saline water by electrodialysis, in the separation of ionic materials from non-ionic materials by electrodialysis, in the recovery of acid and alkali from waste acid and alkali solution by di...

Electro-osmotic pumping (EOP) theory and its characteristics (transport numbers, brine concentration, current density, current efficiency, electro-osmotic coefficients, etc.) of Selemion AMV and CMV ion-exchange membranes were studied. The brine concentration increased with increase in current density and feed water concentration. Current efficiency was nearly constant in a wide range of curren...

The need to treat wastewater in a sustainable way minimalize contamination and maximize the recovery of nutrients is widelyrecognized. focus mainly on removal because eutrophication problems receiving waters,limitations mining resources high costs affiliated with nutrient production. Removal also growing problemfor water authorities, as authorities often tighten standards discharged waters avoi...

Phosphate recovery from different second streams using electrodialysis (ED) is a promising step to nutrients circular economy. However, the relatively low ED performance hinders widespread adoption of this environmentally sound method. The formation “bonded species” between phosphates and weakly basic fixed groups (primary secondary amines) anion exchange membrane can be cause decrease in curre...

Reverse osmosis (RO) and electrodialysis (ED) are the two most important membrane technologies for water desalination treatment. Their transport mechanisms very different, but on a closer look also have many similarities. In this tutorial review, we describe state-of-the-art theory both processes, focusing simple examples that helpful non-specialist classroom teaching. We relevant ion coupling ...

Reverse electrodialysis allows for the capture of energy from salinity gradients between salt and fresh waters, but potential applications are currently limited to coastal areas and the need for a large number of membrane pairs. Using salt solutions that could be continuously regenerated with waste heat (≥40°C) and conventional technologies would allow much wider applications of salinity-gradie...