The relationship between the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Southern Hemisphere Annular Mode (SAM) is examined, with the goal of understanding how various strong SAM events modulate the ENSO teleconnection to the South Pacific (45 –70 S, 150 – 70 W). The focus is on multi-month, multi-event variations during the last 50 years. A significant (p \ 0.10) relationship is observed, most...

This paper argues that, despite important productivity gains, reforms have benefited consumers much less than expected in El Salvador. Antitrust legislation, consumer protection and an adequate regulation of privatized utilities are central ingredients of a successful market economy. Major reforms that are needed in each one of these areas in El Salvador are described.

The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a major driver of Northern Hemisphere wintertime variability and, generally, the key ingredient used in seasonal forecasts of wintertime surface climate. Modeling studies have recently suggested that ENSO teleconnections might involve both a tropospheric pathway and a stratospheric one. Here, using reanalysis data, we carefully distinguish between the ...

The 1960s was a particularly productive decade for Latin American literature. In those years, Latin American writers produced an astounding number of excellent novels that are marked by their incredible diversity in style and/or content. Despite their variety, however, there are some common characteristics such as the recurrent theme of metafictional concerns, the presence of intertextuality, t...

This research was initiated with the objective of investigating the potential of constructed wetlands covered by duckweeds and connected to the branches of Bahr Hadous drain on its salinity, and subsequently, its discharge into El-Salam canal. Primarily, literature was reviewed. Data was assembled and analysed. The water quality model QUAL2K was used in this investigation. Moreover, electrical ...

M. A. El-Dosuky 1, M. Z. Rashad 1, T. T. Hamza 1, and A.H. EL-Bassiouny 2 1 Department of Computer Sciences, Faculty of Computers and Information sciences, Mansoura University, Egypt 2 Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Sciences, Mansoura University, Egypt Abstract This paper collects heuristics of Go Game and employs them to achieve coverage of dense wireless sensor networks. In this paper,...

We have investigated the electrochemical, spectroscopic and electroluminescent properties of a family of aza-aromatic complexes of ruthenium of type [Ru(bpy/phen)2(L)] 2+ (4d) with three isomeric L ligands, where, bpy 1⁄4 2,20-bipyridine, phen 1⁄4 1,10-phenanthroline and the L ligands are 3-(2-pyridyl) [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridine (L), 3-(2-pyridyl[1,2,3])triazolo[1,5-a]pyridine (L) and 2-(2-...

El Niño-Southern Oscillation defined El Niño is a local warming of surface waters which takes place in the entire equatorial zone of the central and eastern Pacific Ocean off the Peruvian coast and which affects the atmospheric circulation world-wide. It usually peaks around Christmas, hence the name of the phenomenon: El Niño is Spanish for Christ Child). La Niña refers to the "cold" equivalen...

High-efficiency polymer light-emitting diodes were fabricated by inserting a layer of nonionic neutral surfactant between the electroluminescent (EL) layer and the high-work-function aluminum cathode via spin coating. It was found that both the poly(ethylene glycol)- and poly(propylene glycol)-based surfactants as well as their copolymers can all demonstrate similar performance enhancement. Dev...

Five new three-coordinate boron compounds with a B=N bond involving an indole or a substituted indole ligand including B(mesityl)2(indolyl), (1), B(mesityl)2(2-Me-indolyl), (2), B(mesityl)2(3-Me-indolyl), (3), B(mesityl)2 (7-Me-indolyl), (4), and B(mesityl)2(3-Ph-indolyl), (5) have been synthesized. The structures of these new compounds were determined by X-ray diffraction analyses. All five co...