adjustment of composition of body fluids and electrolytes is one of the most important aspects of patients care. sodium and potassium are the most important body cations, the improper adjustment of them will cause sever disorders in neuromuscular, gastrointestinal, respiratory and cardiovascular systems. acute renal failure indicated by increase in creatinine and nitrogen urea, brings an accumu...

A general model has been developed for calculating the static dielectric constant of mixed-solvent electrolyte solutions. For mixtures of solvents without electrolyte components, the model is based on an empirical modification of the Kirkwood theory for multicomponent systems. For systems containing electrolytes, the model takes into account the effects of ions and ion pairs and, therefore, it ...

Understanding reactions at the electrode/electrolyte interface (EEI) is essential to developing strategies to enhance cycle life and safety of lithium batteries. Despite research in the past four decades, there is still limited understanding by what means different components are formed at the EEI and how they influence EEI layer properties. We review findings used to establish the well-known m...

In this study, a samarium cerium electrolyte-supported solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) was assembled with Ce0.8Sm0.2O2−δ (SDC) electrolyte, La0.58Sr0.4Fe0.8Co0.2O3-δ (LSCF) as cathode and WNi-Ce as anode. A porous layer of SDC between anode and electrolyte was used to improve adhesion of the anode ink. The cell performance was investigated with hydrogen and three simulated biogas mixtures (CH4/CO2...

OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the impact of feet callosities, arm posture, and use of electrolyte wipes on body composition measurements by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) in morbidly obese adults. METHODS 36 morbidly obese patients (13 males, aged 28-70 years, BMI 41.6 ± 4.3 kg/m2) with moderate/severe feet callosities participated in this study. Body composition (percent body fat (%...

Rare-earth tungstates with general composition “Ln6WO12” have attracted great attention in last few years due to their relatively high mixed protonelectron conductivity [1, 2]. One of the main advantages of these electrolytes, compared to the traditional perovskites based on BaCeO3, is that they exhibit high tolerance towards CO2 and H2S environments. Therefore, this material is a potential ele...

We employed operando anomalous surface X-ray diffraction to investigate the buried interface between the cathode and the electrolyte of a model solid oxide fuel cell with atomic resolution. The cell was studied under different oxygen pressures at elevated temperatures and polarizations by external potential control. Making use of anomalous X-ray diffraction effects at the Y and Zr K-edges allow...

Magnesium (Mg) is a promising implant material for orthopedic applications due to its biodegradability and desirable mechanical properties. However, in order for Mg to have wide-spread clinical relevance, engineering solutions that address the rapid degradation in physiological environments and promote increased bone-forming activity are necessary. The objective of this study was to develop an ...

co-fe films were electrodeposited on cu substrate from electrolytes with different co concentration  levels. x-ray diffraction (xrd) was used  to  investigate  the  films  crystal  structures. the  results  indicate that  if  the  co  concentration  is  less  that  the  fe  concentration,  the cubic  structure  appears  in  the  films, while  the  hexagonal  structure dominates when  the co  co...