The general method to obtain solutions of the Maxwellian equations from scalar representatives is developed and applied to the diffraction of electromagnetic waves. Kirchhoff’s integral is modified to provide explicit expressions for these representatives. The respective integrals are then evaluated using the method of stationary phase in two dimensions. Hitherto unknown formulae for the polari...

Examples of test electromagnetic waves on a Friedmann–Lemâıtre– Robertson–Walker (FLRW) background are constructed from explicit perturbations of the FLRW space–times describing gravitational waves propagating in the isotropic universes. A possible physical mechanism for the production of the test electromagnetic waves is shown to be the coupling of the gravitational waves with a test magnetic ...

In this work, we have experimentally and theoretically studied negative refraction of electromagnetic waves by a metallodielectric photonic crystal. We showed that by adding a periodic dielectric perturbation to the unit cell of a metallic photonic crystal, it is possible to increase the range of incidence angles at which the electromagnetic waves are negatively refracted. We obtained negative ...

In addition to producing gravitational waves, the dynamics of a binary black hole system could induce emission of electromagnetic radiation by affecting the behavior of plasmas and electromagnetic fields in their vicinity. We here study how the electromagnetic fields are affected by a pair of orbiting black holes through the merger. In particular, we show how the binary's dynamics induce a vari...

The localization of electromagnetic waves in lossless inhomogeneous dielectric media is studied. We consider a three-dimensional lossless periodic medium (photonic crystal) having a gap in the frequency spectrum (photonic bandgap). If such a medium is perturbed by either a single defect or a random array of defects, exponentially localized electromagnetic waves arise with frequencies in the gap...

It is shown that induced Raman scattering of electromagnetic waves in the strongly magnetized electron-positron plasma of pulsar magnetosphere may be important for wave propagation and as an effective saturation mechanism for electromagnetic instabilities. The frequencies, at which strong Raman scattering occurs in the outer parts of magnetosphere, fall into the observed radio band. The typical...