We investigated students’ use of Newton’s second law in mechanics and electromagnetism contexts by interviewing students in a two-semester calculusbased physics course. We observed that students’ responses are consistent with three mental models, Newtonian, Aristotelian, and a hybrid model formed with elements of the first two models. These models appeared in mechanics contexts and were transfe...

Minsky subscribes to neither of these extremist views. Instead, he argues that Artificial Intelligence must employ many approaches. Artificial Intelligence is not like circuit theory and electromagnetism. There is nothing wonderfully unifying like Kirchhoff's laws are to circuit theory or Maxwell's equations are to electromagnetism. Instead of looking for a "Right Way", Minsky believes that the...

This paper introduces an improved electromagnetism-like algorithm (IEM) for recurrent fuzzy neural controller design. The hybrid IEM algorithm combines the advantages of the electromagnetism-like (EM) algorithm and the genetic algorithm (GA). The proposed IEM is composed of initialization, local search, total force calculation, movement, and evaluation. For recurrent fuzzy neural controller des...

This paper presents an efficient meta-heuristic algorithm based on electromagnetism-like method, which has been successfully implemented in multiuser detection problems. The contribution revisits blind multiuser detection for multicarrier code division multiple access systems using a novel combined adaptive step-size constant modulus algorithm (CMA) and electromagnetism-like method scheme. To w...

We discuss an article by Le Bellac and Lévy-Leblond in which they have identified two Galilean limits of electromagnetism (1973 Nuovo Cimento B 14 217–33). We use their results to point out some confusion in the literature, and in the teaching of special relativity and electromagnetism. For instance, it is not widely recognized that there exist two well-defined non-relativistic limits, so that ...