background and aims: the causal agents of viral lettuce big vein disease are two viruse, lettuce big vein associated virus (varicosavirus) and mirafiori lettuce virus (ophiovirus). these viruses have coat proteins of similar size but have different morphologies and serologically unrelated.the purpose of this study was to distinguish and detect lbvav and milv in lettuce fields in tehran province...

Accurate and timely detection is vital for mitigation of tuber yield losses resulting from yam mosaic virus (YMV) infection on yam, a major food security crop in West Africa. The observation, from our previous studies, that the triple antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (TAS-ELISA), the most commonly used detection method for YMV, detected the virus in significantly less leaf sa...

watermelon mosaic virus is the most prevalent potyvirus infecting cucurbits in iran. in order to determine the distribution and frequency of the virus, 326 watermelon, melon, cucumber, winter and summer squash samples were collected from 22 villages around urmia during summer 2010 and tested by das-elisa with a polyclonal antibody. ninety four samples were detected as infected by elisa. to dete...

Background: Freiburg was among the most heavily affected German cities during first wave of Sars-Cov-2 infections in spring 2020. Consequently, University Medical Center one hospitals Germany to treat Covid19 patients. Objectives: To assess proportion and characteristics health care workers (HCW) that have been infected SARS-CoV-2 serum IgG IgM antibodies were measured. Methods: HCW (n=902, mea...