A compact system for high-resolution spectroscopy and quantitative photon flux and brilliance measurements of pulsed soft x-ray sources is described. The calibrated system combines a novel elliptical off-axis reflection zone plate with charge-coupled device detection for simultaneous spectral and spatial measurements. Experiments on a water-window droplet-target laser-plasma source demonstrate ...

Active control of terahertz (THz) wave polarization state is great significance for sensitive detection, imaging and communication. Here, a tunable THz quarter plate designed by electronically controlling composite metasurface consisting the gold cross antennas monolayer graphene. The graphene acts as quarter-wave when chemical potential 0 eV, which incident converted from linear to circular po...

The geometric percolation thresholds for circular, elliptical, square, and triangular plates in the three-dimensional space are determined precisely by Monte Carlo simulations. These geometries represent oblate particles in the limit of zero thickness. The normalized percolation points, which are estimated by extrapolating the data to zero radius, are etac=0.961 4+/-0.000 5, 0.864 7+/-0.000 6, ...

Linear birefringence, as implemented in wave plates, is a natural way to control the state of polarization of light. We report on a general method for designing miniature planar wave plates using surface plasmons. The resonant optical device considered here is a single circular aperture surrounded by an elliptical antenna grating. The difference between the short and long axis of each ellipsis ...

Heat transfer to a fluid passing through a channel filled with porous materials is the subject of this investigation. It includes the derivation of the temperature solutions in channels having different cross sectional geometries. Primarily, consideration is given to a modified Graetz problem in parallel plate channels and circular tubes. This presentation includes numerical features of the exa...

The extension of a particle (translational deviation) in an isotropic harmonic potential well is linearly proportional and parallel to the applied force. In an anisotropic trapping potential, the extension is instead related to the applied force by a compliance tensor. Using the focal spot of a high numerical aperture zone plate to create an elliptical potential and microfluidics to apply a cal...

PURPOSE To report findings that could suggest an elliptical shape of the capsular bag. METHODS Five eyes of three patients with axial length greater than 24 mm underwent phacoemulsification cataract surgery with plate-haptic multifocal toric intraocular lens (IOL) implantation oriented in the vertical meridian. RESULTS In all cases, correct orientation of the IOLs was verified 30 minutes af...