BACKGROUND Weeds can be a greater constraint to crop production than animal pests and pathogens. Pre-emergence herbicides are crucial in many cropping systems to control weeds that have evolved resistance to selective post-emergence herbicides. In this study we assessed the potential to evolve resistance to the pre-emergence herbicides prosulfocarb + S-metolachlor or pyroxasulfone in 50 individ...

S-[(4-chlorophenyl) methyl]diethylcarbamothioate General information This document reviews the environmental fate and environmental effects of the thiocarbamate herbicide, thiobencarb {S–[(4-chlorophenyl) methyl] diethylcarbamothioate (C 12 H 16 ClNOS)}. Thiobencarb, also referred to as benthiocarb was developed by Kumiai Chem. Ind. Co. Ltd and introduced in the market in 1970 (Ishikawa, 1981)....

Coexistence between genetically modified (GM) and non-GM plants is a field of rapid development and considerable controversy. In crops, it is increasingly important to understand and predict the GM volunteer emergence in subsequent non-GM crops. Theoretical models suggest recruitment from the seedbank over extended periods, but empirical evidence matching these predictions has been scarce. Here...

PURPOSE: Yellow starthistle is one of most problematic invasive species in grass and rangelands in the western United States. It has expanded its distribution since the 1950’s threatening native species’ diversity and reducing the utility of rangelands for livestock. Control of yellow starthistle has relied heavily on the use of picloram and clopyralid. Although these herbicides have been widel...

the effect of tillage (conventional and zero tillage), crop establishment (raised-bed and flat-bed), and weed management practices (herbicide alone and integrated approach) was studied on productivity, profitability, nutrient uptake and physico-chemical properties of soil in soybean–wheat cropping system, at new delhi during 2010–2012. sixteen treatment combinations consisting of four tillage a...

A comparison was drawn between the effect of glyphosate (Roundup Plus), a post-emergence applied herbicide, and Harness GTZ, a pre-emergence applied herbicide, on the culturable fraction of the rhizobacterial communities of genetically modified NK603 glyphosate-tolerant maize. Two different non-selective rich media were used to grow fast-growing culturable bacteria, BHI and NB, as a more accura...

Poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) nanocapsules have been recently developed as a modified release system for atrazine, an herbicide that can have harmful effects in the environment. Here, the post-emergence herbicidal activity of PCL nanocapsules containing atrazine was evaluated using mustard (Brassica juncea) as target plant species model. Characterization of atrazine-loaded PCL nanocapsules b...

Weed emergence timing: a new tool for managing weeds in crop fi elds The success of integrated weed management relies on matching control strategies to the specifi c weed problem in a fi eld. Managers must know not only which weed species (and how many) are present in a fi eld; they also must understand the distribution and development stages of these weeds throughout the fi eld. Weed control r...