During the sinking process, overflow generates an entrainment phenomenon, accompanied by occurrence, development, and dissipation of vortices. In this paper, particle image velocimetry (PIV) technology is used to measure flow fields sinking, invasion, mixing. order quantitatively analyze mixing processes during overflow, vorticity, turbulence dissipation, Froude number, local Richardson coeffic...

The origin of the interstitial gases of Hole 479 is bacterial. This is indicated by a positive correlation of the C concentration in interstitial methane and CO2 in the shallower depths of the hole. Below a depth of 100 meters, the interstitial CO2 becomes increasingly depleted in carbon-13, which indicates a higher rate of CO2-producing decarboxylation reactions rather than a consumption of CO...

We investigate the problem of estimating magma chamber geometry using InSAR observations of Sierra Negra volcano, Galápagos. Ascending and descending interferograms are combined to determine vertical and one horizontal component of displacement. The ratio of maximum horizontal to vertical displacement suggests a sill-like source. Spherical or stock-like bodies are inconsistent with the data. We...

We developed a new and simple angle control strategy to construct shape- and size-tunable DNA polygonal cavities. A monomer with a controlled slope on one end was used for hierarchical assembly into diverse polygons in a single step. Additionally, by simply moving the position of sticky ends on the monomer, the cavity size can be precisely programmed.

Hydraulic jump on adverse stilling basin is an unstable phenomenon which causes some complexities in controlling of the   jump. This paper considers the stability of free hydraulic jump on adverse stilling basins from a theoretical point of view. A minimum value of upstream Froude number is needed to produce the free hydraulic jump on adverse stilling basins which was presented by a theoretical...

recently the stepped spillways have been used as an appropriate solution for energy dissipation. in the present study, siahbisheh dam spillway is simulated by using computational fluid dynamic (cfd), in which the mixture method and reynolds stresses model (rsm) turbulence model is used. in the first modeling series the over all steppes slope is constant. the number of the steps is increased to ...

Shallow-level sill emplacement can uplift Earth’s surface via forced folding, providing insight into the location and size of potential volcanic eruptions. Linking the structure and dynamics of ground deformation to sill intrusion is thus critical in volcanic hazard assessment. This is challenging, however, because (1) active intrusions cannot be directly observed, meaning that we rely on trans...