Endometriosis is a chronic disease of women in the reproductive age, defined as endometrial cells growing outside of the uterine cavity and associated with relapses. Relapses are hypothesized to correlate with incomplete surgical excision or result from nonrandom implantation of new endometrial implants in adjacent peritoneum. Thus, surgical excision could lead to free endometriotic cells or ti...

Purpose To evaluate the effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on fertility in experimental retrocervical endometriosis. Methods A total of 27 New Zealand rabbits were divided into three groups: endometriosis, in which endometrial implants were created; mesenchymal, in which MSCs were applied in addition to the creation of endometrial implants; and control, the group without endometriosis. Fis...

Endometriosis is the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity(1-3). This endometrial tissue may be located in the ovaries as endometriomas and/or as extraperitoneal/subperitoneal implants(3,4). When implant depth is greater than 5 mm, condition is referred to as deep endometriosis(3,4). It represents a common cause of pelvic pain and infertility in young women(1-3). Surgery rem...

PROBLEM Accumulating data suggests that aberrant immune responses during retrograde menstruation may be involved in the development of endometriosis. METHOD OF STUDY The role of immunology in the etiology of endometriosis is reviewed and summarized from the available literature. RESULTS Immunologic factors may affect a woman's susceptibility to implantation of exfoliated endometrial cells. ...

Macaques are menstruating nonhuman primates that provide important animal models for studies of hormonal regulation in the uterus. In women and macaques the decline of progesterone (P) at the end of the cycle triggers endometrial expression of a variety of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) enzymes that participate in tissue breakdown and menstrual sloughing. To determine the minimal duration of P ...

INTRODUCTION Endometriosis of the lung and the diaphragm is rare. Patients may present with symptoms such as shortness of breath, chest pain, and shoulder pain or they may be asymptomatic. Of note, there have been few reports of bilateral catamenial disease, and no reports, to our knowledge, of bilateral pathology proven pulmonary parenchymal endometriosis. CASE A 43-year-old with stage IV e...

This article reviews the effects of estradiol (E(2)), progesterone (P) and P receptor antagonists (PA) on the rhesus macaque endometrium. Ovariectomized macaques can be treated with implants of estradiol (E(2)) and P to induce precisely controlled, artificial menstrual cycles. During these cycles, treatment with E(2) alone induces an artificial proliferative phase marked by extensive endometria...

Endometriosis is a gynecological condition resulting from proliferation of endometrial-like tissue outside the endometrial cavity. Estrogen suppression therapies, mediated through gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) modulation, decrease endometriotic implants and diminish associated pain albeit at the expense of bone mineral density (BMD) loss. Our goal was to provide model-based guidance for...

Aberrant up-regulation of aromatase in eutopic endometrium and implants from women with endometriosis has been reported. Aromatase induction may be mediated by increased cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Recently, we demonstrated that progesterone receptor (PR)-A and PR-B serve an antiinflammatory role in the uterus by antagonizing nuclear factor kappaB activation and COX-2 expression. PR-C, which anta...

OBJECTIVES Endometrioid carcinoma of the ovary is one of the most types of epithelial ovarian cancer associated to endometrioisis. Endometrioid tumors as well as endometriotic implants are characterized by the presence of epithelial cells, stromal cells, or a combination of booth, that resemble the endometrial cells, suggesting a possible endometrial origin of these tumors. Pro-inflammatory cyt...