The combustion of fossil fuels (eg coal, oil shale) to generate energy results in the production of alkaline solid wastes @y ash, clean coal technology (CCT) ash, spent shale etc). Reactions involving calcium (Ca) and carbon dioxide (C02) usually control the pH and mobility of inorganic contaminants such as Cd, P b and Se in alkaiine solid wastes. Samples offly ash, spent shale iutd CCT ash wer...

The production of pulp and paper is associated with the generation of large quantities of wastewater that has to be purified to avoid severe pollution of the environment. Wastewater purification in pulp and paper mills combines sedimentation, biological treatment, chemical precipitation, flotation and anaerobic treatment, and the specific combination of techniques is determined by the local con...

This paper presents a comparison of dry anaerobic digestion reactors fed with differently sorted municipal organic solid wastes. One reactor was fed with source sorted organic wastes and a second reactor was fed with mixed organic wastes consisting of grey wastes, mechanically selected municipal solid wastes and sludge. The two reactors utilised the same process (Valorga) and operational condit...

Every industrial unit generates wastes along with the processed goods. These wastes actually represent loss of the valuable material and energy from the production processes and investment in the pollution control. Usual approach followed by the industries, to cope with the problem of wastes and pollution, is use of waste treatment systems as end-of-pipe remedies. The remedies adopted often res...

Energy recovery from Municipal Solid Wastes (MSW) generated in New Delhi is studied. The two options available viz., recovery of Biogas and energy due to the firing of MSW as fuel are reviewed. Continuous recovery of energy from the city’s MSW through Biogas needs a lot of planning with respect to the design, construction, operation and maintenance of landfills. The yield of Biogas with respect...

BACKGROUND Flow sheet options for integrating ethanol production from spent sulfite liquor (SSL) into the acid-based sulfite pulping process at the Sappi Saiccor mill (Umkomaas, South Africa) were investigated, including options for generation of thermal and electrical energy from onsite bio-wastes, such as bark. Processes were simulated with Aspen Plus® for mass- and energy-balances, followed ...