BACKGROUND AND AIMS Root branching, and in particular acropetal branching, is a common and important developmental process for increasing the number of growing tips and defining the distribution of their meristem size. This study presents a new method for characterizing the results of this process in natura from scanned images of young, branched parts of excavated roots. The method involves the...

Clhaniges in RNA metabolismii during nornmal growth have been reported (2. 6, 9,11, 15). Since RNA plays a vital role in enzyme synthesis, varying enivironmental conditions and growth rates should be reflected in the RNA metabolism through these enzyme systems. Environmental effects. which are correlated with growth rate (8), have been shown to affect solmie RNA characteristics (5, 13, 18, 19)....

Growing climate change constitutes one of the most pressing challenges of our times. As resources become increasingly scare and the demand for energy grows in expanding economies, it is vital that the discussion on climate protection and sustainable development strategies be placed at the top of societal and political agendas worldwide. The benchmark for all efforts must be the well-being of co...

Modular grammatical formalisms provide an essential step towards improved grammar engineering practices. However, as we depart from traditional deterministic models, some intrinsic static checks are lost. The paper shows why grammar verification is necessary for reliable uses of context-free grammars (CFGs) and parsing expression grammars (PEGs) as modular syntax definitions. Simple conservativ...

This investigation examined the ability of the tissues of the temporo-mandibular joint (TMJ) to adapt to changing functional demands in young, growing rats compared with mature rats. Functional demands on the TMJ were varied by feeding diets with different physical consistencies. The first group was fed a soft diet for the experimental period. The second group was fed a hard diet, and the third...

Research universities have made enormous contributions to the field of medicine and the treatment of human disease. Alone or in collaboration with pharmaceutical companies, academic researchers have added to the store of knowledge that has led to numerous life science breakthroughs. A new chapter may be opening for academic researchers, however, that could lead to a darker tale. 'The mouse that...