Evolutionary Computation (EC) is now a few decades old. The impressive development of the field since its initial conception has made it one of the most vigorous research areas, specifically from an applied viewpoint. This should not hide the existence of some major gaps in our understanding on these techniques. In this essay we propose a number of challenging tasks that –according to our opini...

The control of rats in the United Kingdom falls to various public and private sector organisations. Local authority environmental health departments do have certain legal duties related to the public health risks posed by rodents, but the way in which they meet these duties varies. This paper reports the findings of a survey sent to all Local Authority Environmental Health Departments in Englan...

Mitochondrial DNA stays home M itochondria stow their DNA in structures called nucleoids. As Gilkerson et al. reveal, nucleoids are selfi sh and don’t share their DNA with each other. The results might help explain some quirks of mitochondrial inheritance and support a proposed treatment strategy for illnesses caused by defects in the organelles. A nucleoid can house up to 10 copies of a mitoch...

To the degree that citizens have participated in, or derived benefits from, social institutions that have helped cause serious, life-threatening, or rights-threatening environmental injustice (EIJ), this article argues that they have duties either to stop their participation in these institutions or to compensate for it by helping to reform them. (EIJ occurs whenever children, poor people, mino...