The International Commission on Radiological Protection's (ICRP) system to protect the living components of the environment is designed to provide a broad and practical framework across all exposure situations. The objectives of ICRP are therefore also set in fairly broad terms, recognising that national and local environmental protection requirements may need to be set within them. The framewo...

Solutions to complex health and environmental issues experienced by First Nations communities in Canada require the adoption of collaborative modes of research. The traditional "helicopter" approach to research applied in communities has led to disenchantment on the part of First Nations people and has impeded their willingness to participate in research. University researchers have tended to d...

Environmental risk assessment is an essential step in the development of solutions for pollution problems and new environmental regulations. An assessment system for environmental risks has been developed in China in recent decades. However, many of the Chinese technical guidelines, standards, and regulations were directly adapted from those of developed countries, and were not based on the Chi...

Scale-oriented economic development in China has given rise to problems associated with high energy consumption and severe environmental pollution. Thus, the 7th China Annual Conference of Energy Economics and Management provides a platform for presenting ongoing research activities in order to exchange research ideas in the area of low-carbon economics and sustainable development for China. We...

Inspired by the success of evidence-based medicine, environmental scholars and practitioners have grown enthusiastic about applying a similar evidencebased approach to solve some of the world’s most pressing environmental problems. An important component of the evidence-based movement is the empirical evaluation of program and policy impacts. Impact evaluations draw heavily from recent advances...

The Committee for the National Institute for the Environment (CNIE) was created in 1990 "to improve the scientific basis for making decisions on environmental issues," possibly through the establishment of a separate institute devoted to the environmental sciences. But while the goals proposed for the National Institute for the Environment were universally applauded, Congress was averse to addi...

BACKGROUND The National Research Council (NRC) Committee on Improving Risk Analysis Approaches Used by the U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) recommended that low-dose risks be estimated in some situations using human variability distributions (HVDs). HVD modeling estimates log-normal distributions from data on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic variables that affect individual sensiti...

This paper deals with environmental policy in an economic federation, where each national government faces a mixed tax problem. We assume that the federal government sets emission targets, which are implemented at the national level. We also assume that the economic federation is decentralized, meaning that the national governments are first movers vis-a-vis the federal government. Our results ...

This symposium will present the results of our joint research effort. These reports will deal with the effects of both chemical and physical factors in the environment as they interact with organisms through a variety of pathways and produce a mul-tiplicity of biological effects. However diverse these studies appear to be, they all have one common objective: to produce experimental data which w...

RECENT studies of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) have demonstrated that the putatively pure preparations of CEA were not homogeneous. Rule and Goleski-Reilly (1973), by the isoelectric focusing of saline extracts of tumour materials, detected 6 major and 6 minor CEA reactive peaks between pH 2 0 and 9 0. Coligan et al. (1973) demonstrated by isoelectric focusing and ion exchange chromatographic...