An ideal I of a ring R is called right Baer-ideal if there exists an idempotent e 2 R such that r(I) = eR. We know that R is quasi-Baer if every ideal of R is a right Baer-ideal, R is n-generalized right quasi-Baer if for each I E R the ideal In is right Baer-ideal, and R is right principaly quasi-Baer if every principal right ideal of R is a right Baer-ideal. Therefore the concept of Baer idea...

Let $\mathfrak{j}$ and $\mathfrak{j}^{'}$ be the Cartan subalgebras of complex semi-simple Lie algebras $\mathfrak{g}$ $\mathfrak{g}^{'}$, $\mathfrak{j}^{*}$ $(\mathfrak{j}^{'})^{*}$ their duals, $\mathfrak{j}^{\vee}$ $(\mathfrak{j}^{'})^{\vee}$ biduals respectively. We consider $B(.,.)$, restriction to Killing form $\mathfrak{g}^{'}$. In this work, using kernel $K$ reproducing subalgebra an op...

in this paper, we introduce a method by which we can find a close connection between the set of prime $z$-ideals of $c(x)$ and the same of $c(y)$, for some special subset $y$ of $x$. for instance, if $y=coz(f)$ for some $fin c(x)$, then there exists a one-to-one correspondence between the set of prime $z$-ideals of $c(y)$ and the set of prime $z$-ideals of $c(x)$ not containing $f$. moreover, c...

Measles remains a major cause of child mortality, in part due to an inability to vaccinate young infants with the current live attenuated virus vaccine (LAV). To explore new approaches to infant vaccination, chimeric Venezuelan equine encephalitis/Sindbis virus (VEE/SIN) replicon particles were used to express the hemagglutinin (H) and fusion (F) proteins of measles virus (MV). Juvenile rhesus ...

Experimental studies evaluated the vector competence of Ochlerotatus taeniorhynchus (Wiedemann), Culex cancer Theobald, Culex pseudes (Dyar and Knab), Culex taeniopus Dyar and Knab, and a Culex (Culex) species, probably Culex quinquefasciatus Say, and Culex nigripalpus Theobald from Chiapas, Mexico, and Tocoa, Honduras, for epizootic (IC) and enzootic (IE) strains of Venezuelan equine encephalo...

The ecology of Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) virus transmission was compared at three enzootic foci: two forest sites in the Catatumbo region of western Venezuela that have yielded small numbers of virus isolates since the 1970s, and another focus in the middle Magdalena Valley of Colombia that has consistently yielded many VEE virus isolates. Our results demonstrated dramatic difference...

We revisit the topic of polynomial kernels for Vertex Cover relative to structural parameters. Our starting point is a recent paper due to Fomin and Str{\o}mme [WG 2016] who gave a kernel with $\mathcal{O}(|X|^{12})$ vertices when $X$ is a vertex set such that each connected component of $G-X$ contains at most one cycle, i.e., $X$ is a modulator to a pseudoforest. We strongly generalize this re...

Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEE) produces an acute infection in humans and induces a well-characterized cytopathic effect in neurons of the central nervous system (CNS). However, little is known about the role of glial cells in response to VEE infection of the CNS. Our results demonstrate that VEE is capable of a productive infection in primary astrocyte cultures and that this infecti...