* ABSTRACT Automotive emissions are severely regulated. Since 1980, a three-way catalyst (TWC) has been used to convert harmful emissions of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and oxides of nitrogen into less harmful gases in order to meet these regulations. The e ciency of conversion of these gases is dependent on the mass ratio of air to fuel (A=F ) in the mixture leaving the exhaust manifold and...

This article deals with the ecological impacts of chemical substances that are found in the structure of Diesel engine exhaust gases and provides an overview of legislation that limits their maximum allowable emissions. Special consideration is given to the previously mostly neglected negative impact of particulate matter compared to the impact of carbon dioxide. Negative impact of particulates...

| Automotive emissions are severely regulated. Since 1980, a three-way catalyst (TWC) has been used to convert harmful emissions of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and oxides of nitrogen into less harmful gases in order to meet these regulations. The TWC's e ciency of conversion of these gases is primarily dependent on the mass ratio of air to fuel (A=F ) in the mixture leaving the exhaust manif...

In vitro studies with the organic extracts of diesel particles have suggested that hydrocarbons such as PAH may play a role in an inflammatory response, but these have been limited by the possible artifacts introduced in the particle collection and processing. In this study, we avoid these artifacts and use an activated carbon denuder to remove hydrocarbons from the exhaust stream to investigat...

The amount of pollutant gases in the atmosphere has reached a critical state due to an increase in industrial development and the rapid growth of automobile industries that use fossil fuels. The combustion of fossil fuels produces harmful gases such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen monoxide (NO), soot, particulate matter (PM), etc. The use of Dimethyl Ether (DME) biofuel in diesel engines or other c...

The exhaust gases from an oil-fired hospital waste incinerator were examined during normal incinerator operation. The design-specified operating temperature was 800 degrees C in the primary combustion chamber and 1000 degrees C in the secondary chamber. Flue gas temperatures, measured from the sampling point at the base of the exhaust stack, varied over the range 186-305 degrees C, and bacteria...

The use of a waste-based secondary fuel in clinker kilns is a widely used practice. Nevertheless, specific studies to understand the destruction mechanism of exhaust pollutants in cement raw material (CRM) are limited. This work focuses on the possible catalytic effect of the interaction of exhaust gases from the combustion of sewage sludge with various solids beds, including CRM. Catalyst base...

The potential of microalgae as renewable energy feedstock for biofuel production is well recognized in developing countries and it is a large source of biomass for capturing CO2 on non-arable lands. In the current studies photobioreactor with 2 L capacity was used and operated with generator exhaust gases for algal CO2 sequestration. The reactor operated on generator exhaust gases with CO2 rang...

The microemulsion is the emulsion with dimension of molecules approx. micrometre and smaller. Such microemulsion of water and diesel oil creates new quality and lets on obtainment ecological and economic of effects, as well as eliminates the disadvantageous influence common emulsions, or unprofitable effects of the injection of water to inlet system of the engine, direct to combustion chambers,...