The concept of control Lyapunov function has proven a useful tool for designing robust control laws for nonlinear systems. Recently, this concept has been extended to time-delay systems in the form of Control Lyapunov Razumikhin functions and Control Lyapunov Krasovsky functionals (CLKF). Universal formulas, such as Sontag's formula and domination redesign formula, apply to CLKF's and achieve r...

This paper presents an analysis of six sets engine valves, each set consisting one exhaust valve and intake valve. Each pair valves was used in with different displacement mileage. The were subjected to microscopic analysis, hardness measurement chemical composition using a glow discharge spectrometer energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). design materials the showed that both their present form...

For an engine running at a constant speed (RPM), the exhaust process and intake process are periodic. This enables use of the frequency-domain analysis of the essentially linear exhaust system consisting of the exhaust runners, manifold, exhaust pipe, the muffler proper and the tail pipe. Over the last forty years, transfer matrices have been derived for use with aeroacoustic state variables as...

Simple design of a rotary valve system is capable of controlling intake and exhaust gases, which will eliminate the need of known complex mechanisms. The cost of material and production, maintenance, and noise level of the system can be further reduced. The new mechanism enables the elimination of the overlapping of valves work that reduces gas leakage. This paper examines theoretically the gas...

The nose bridge between the inlet valve and exhaust valve is the most fragile part on the cylinder head. Fatigue crack is the major failure mode. It is necessary to analyze the structure strength and reliability (SSR) of this zone. In this paper, a three-dimensional (3D) model for a engine cylinder head is built up using Pro/Engineer wildfire 2.0, and the 3D FEM analysis of the SSR is carried o...

In this paper, a Rankine cycle test system is established to recover exhaust energy from a 2.0 L gasoline engine. Experiments on the system’s performance are carried out under various working conditions. The experimental results indicate that the recovery power of the expander is strongly related to the load and speed of the gasoline engine. It is found that when the output power of the gasolin...

s spring In some nuclear reactor containment isolation applica­ Greek tions, butterfly valves with pneumatic actuators are used to close pipelines in the event of containment p density pressure transients resulting from postulated acci­ e angular position dents. A model is developed which predicts the closure time history of such valve/actuator systems INTRODUCTION under prescribed transients. ...